Kinh doanh - Marketing
Kinh tế quản lý
Biểu mẫu - Văn bản
Tài chính - Ngân hàng
Công nghệ thông tin
Tiếng anh ngoại ngữ
Kĩ thuật công nghệ
Khoa học tự nhiên
Khoa học xã hội
Văn hóa nghệ thuật
Sức khỏe - Y tế
Văn bản luật
Nông Lâm Ngư
Kỹ năng mềm
Luận văn - Báo cáo
Giải trí - Thư giãn
Tài liệu phổ thông
Văn mẫu
Giới thiệu
Đăng ký
Đăng nhập
Tìm
Danh mục
Kinh doanh - Marketing
Kinh tế quản lý
Biểu mẫu - Văn bản
Tài chính - Ngân hàng
Công nghệ thông tin
Tiếng anh ngoại ngữ
Kĩ thuật công nghệ
Khoa học tự nhiên
Khoa học xã hội
Văn hóa nghệ thuật
Y tế sức khỏe
Văn bản luật
Nông lâm ngư
Kĩ năng mềm
Luận văn - Báo cáo
Giải trí - Thư giãn
Tài liệu phổ thông
Văn mẫu
Thông tin
Điều khoản sử dụng
Quy định bảo mật
Quy chế hoạt động
Chính sách bản quyền
Giới thiệu
Đăng ký
Đăng nhập
0
Trang chủ
Kinh Tế - Quản Lý
Quản lý Nhà nước
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 6: Perfect competition, monopoly, and economic vs. normal profit
Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 6: Perfect competition, monopoly, and economic vs. normal profit
Phước Lộc
119
20
ppt
Đang chuẩn bị nút TẢI XUỐNG, xin hãy chờ
Tải xuống
After completing this unit, you should be able to: Define the basic vocabulary of macroeconomics; describe how the economy is measured; describe how gross domestic product, our national measure of output, is calculated; calculate inflation using a price index;. | Chapter 6 Perfect Competition, Monopoly, and Economic vs. Normal Profit Chapter Outline From Perfect Competition to Monopoly Supply Under Perfect Competition From Perfect Competition to Monopoly Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Picking the Quantity to Maximize Profit AVC MC ATC AVC MR Q* P* MR D MC ATC Q* P* P Q Many Competitors P Q No Competitors Characteristics of Perfect Competition a large number of competitors, such that no one firm can influence the price the good a firm sells is indistinguishable from the ones its competitors sell firms have good sales and cost forecasts there is no legal or economic barrier to its entry into or exit from the market Monopoly The sole seller of a good or service. Some monopolies are generated because of legal rights (patents and copyrights). Some monopolies are utilities (gas, water, electricity etc.) that result from high fixed costs. Monopolistic Competition Monopolistic Competition: a situation in a market where there are many firms producing similar but not identical goods. Example : the fast-food industry. McDonald’s has a monopoly on the “Happy Meal” but has much competition in the market to feed kids burgers and fries. Oligopoly Oligopoly: a situation in a market where there are very few discernible competitors Examples Satellite TV service (Direct TV, Primestar, Dish Network) Airlines (American, Delta etc.) Which Model Fits Reality? Perfect competition is rare outside agriculture though it fits some labor markets. Monopolies are common in utilities Major branded companies are typically either in oligopolistic or monopolistically competitive industries. Examples of Different Market Forms Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Agriculture Lumber Fast Food Airlines Cars and Trucks Soft Drinks Windows Operating system Local Residential Utilities Distinguishing Characteristics Between Market Forms Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Number of Firms Many-often thousands or even millions Several Few One Barriers to Entry None Few Substantial Insurmountable Product Homo/Hetero-geneity Homogeneous Heterogeneous Heterogeneous N/A Supply Under Perfect Competition Normal vs. Economic Profit Normal Profit : the level of profit that business owners could get in their next best alternative investment Economic Profit: any profit above normal profit Return on Equity For Various Industries Industry Rate of Return Net Income/(Assets-Liabilities) Agriculture 8.0% Manufacturing 14.6% Transportation and Public Utilities 10.6% Wholesale and Retail Trade 12.9% When and Why Economic Profits Go to Zero Time Horizons Short Run: the period of time where we cannot change things like plant and equipment Long Run : the period of time where we can change things like plant and equipment Market Forms and Economic Profits Under perfect competition or monopolistic competition, economic profits go to zero because of the entry of new firms increases market supply and lowers prices. Economic profits are under no pressure to shrink under oligopoly or monopoly because entry doesn’t occur so prices do not fall. Figure 2 The Pressures on Price in Perfect Competition $ Q MC ATC AVC MR3 MR1 MR2 MR4 Long Run Pressure Short Run Pressure Figure 3 Points of Production in Perfect Competition $ Q MC ATC AVC MR4 MR3 MR2 MR1 Figure 4 Supply in Perfect Competition $ Q MC ATC AVC Supply
TÀI LIỆU LIÊN QUAN
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 24: The economics of crime
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 31: The economics of children
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 1: Economics: The study of opportunity cost
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 23: The economics of prescription drugs
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 2: Supply and demand
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 3: The concept of elasticity and consumer and producer surplus
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 5: Firm production, cost, and revenue
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 6: Perfect competition, monopoly, and economic vs. normal profit
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 7: Every macroeconomic word you have ever heard: gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, recession and depression
Lecture Issues in economics today - Chapter 9: Federal spending
crossorigin="anonymous">
Đã phát hiện trình chặn quảng cáo AdBlock
Trang web này phụ thuộc vào doanh thu từ số lần hiển thị quảng cáo để tồn tại. Vui lòng tắt trình chặn quảng cáo của bạn hoặc tạm dừng tính năng chặn quảng cáo cho trang web này.