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Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) antiviral protein inhibits Zucchini yellow mosaic virus infection in a dose-dependent manner in squash plants

Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) of Phytolacca americana L. (pokeweed) is a single-chain ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) characterized by its ability to depurinate plant ribosomes. | Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Turk J Agric For (2017) 41: 256-262 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/tar-1612-30 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ Research Article Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) antiviral protein inhibits Zucchini yellow mosaic virus infection in a dose-dependent manner in squash plants 1 2, 2 3 Hikmet Murat SİPAHİOĞLU , İlhan KAYA *, Mustafa USTA , Murat ÜNAL , 2 2 2 4 Dilek ÖZCAN , Meryem ÖZER , Abdullah GÜLLER , Vicente PALLAS 1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Malatya, Turkey 2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey 4 Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Polytechnic University of Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain Received: 09.12.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 08.03.2017 Final Version: 25.08.2017 Abstract: Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) of Phytolacca americana L. (pokeweed) is a single-chain ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) characterized by its ability to depurinate plant ribosomes. Here, we isolated, cloned, and expressed the ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) gene, designated as pokeweed antiviral protein type 1 (PAP I), from the summer leaves of pokeweed collected from the Black Sea region (Turkey). Our findings presented here provide direct evidence that exogenous application of PAP I causes concentration-dependent inhibition of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) infection on squash plants. Squash plants were exposed to PAP I protein with and without DMSO for four consecutive days. Regular spraying of approximately 30 kDa recombinant PAP I at 2 µg mL–1 concentration prevented treated plants from mechanical virus infection. PAP I showed antiviral activity in 9 plants out of 15 inoculated plants. Remarkably, simultaneous application of PAP, DMSO, and ZYMV did not prevent virus infection, suggesting that PAP .