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Lecture Visual programming: Chapter 16 - Muhammad Bilal Zafar

The following will be discussed in this chapter: Syntax analysis, the role of the parser, representative grammars, syntax error handling, error-recovery strategies, context-free grammars, formal definition of a CFG, notational conventions, derivations, parse trees and derivations, ambiguity. | LESSON 16 Overview of Previous Lesson(s) Over View In computing, a visual programming language (VPL) is any programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating program elements graphically. Visual programming environments provide graphical or iconic elements which can be manipulated by users in an interactive way according to some specific spatial grammar for program construction. 3 Over View Strings The string class in the standard library for native C++ provides a powerful and superior way to process strings in your programs. Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters. The standard string class provides support to objects with an interface similar to that of standard containers, but adding features specifically designed to operate with strings of characters. 4 Over View The string standard header defines the string and wstring classes that represent character strings. The string class is defined as basic_string The wstring class is . | LESSON 16 Overview of Previous Lesson(s) Over View In computing, a visual programming language (VPL) is any programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating program elements graphically. Visual programming environments provide graphical or iconic elements which can be manipulated by users in an interactive way according to some specific spatial grammar for program construction. 3 Over View Strings The string class in the standard library for native C++ provides a powerful and superior way to process strings in your programs. Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters. The standard string class provides support to objects with an interface similar to that of standard containers, but adding features specifically designed to operate with strings of characters. 4 Over View The string standard header defines the string and wstring classes that represent character strings. The string class is defined as basic_string The wstring class is defined as basic_string . 5 Over View. string astring; // Create an empty string string sentence("This sentence is false."); string bees(7, b); // String is “bbbbbb” string letters(bees); string animals[] = { "dog", "cat", "horse", "donkey", "lion"}; 6 TODAY’S LESSON 7 Contents Object - Oriented Programming Basics Inheritance in Class Base Classes Deriving Classes Access Controls Protected Members CLR Strings Tracking References 8 OOP A class is a data type that you define to suit customized application requirements. Classes in OOP also define the objects to which the program relates. A class can be designed to represent something abstract, such as a complex number, which is a mathematical concept, or a truck, which is decidedly physical. So, as well as being a data type, a class can also be a definition of a set of real - world objects of a particular kind. 9 OOP We could think of a class as defining the characteristics of a particular group of things that are specified .