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Defoliation effects on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed yield and oil quality

The objective of the present study was to determine the influence of artificial defoliation on sunflower seed yield, oil content, and fatty acid composition. The research was carried out at Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, during 2002 and 2003. | Turk J Biol 31 (2007) 115-118 © TÜB‹TAK Defoliation Effects on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Yield and Oil Quality Sabri ERBAfi, Hasan BAYDAR Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta - TURKEY Received: 01.06.2006 Abstract: The objective of the present study was to determine the influence of artificial defoliation on sunflower seed yield, oil content, and fatty acid composition. The research was carried out at Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, during 2002 and 2003. Six defoliation levels [0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 leaves per plant] were applied at the preflowering stage from bottom to top leaves. The results demonstrate a close relationship between yield reduction and the defoliation levels. The higher the defoliation level, the higher the yield reduction. Complete and partial leaf removal treatments reduced oil percentage of seed when compared with the undefoliated check. However, oleic acid and linoleic acid levels in seed were not significantly affected by defoliation treatments. Key Words: Helianthus annuus L., leaf defoliation, yield, oil, fatty acids Ayçiçe¤i (Helianthus annuus L.) Tohum Verimi ve Ya¤ Kalitesi Üzerine Yaprak K›r›m›n›n Etkisi Özet: 2002 ve 2003 y›llar›nda Türkiye’de Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi’nde yap›lan bu araflt›rmada, yaprak k›r›m›n›n ayçiçe¤i tohum verimi, ya¤ içeri¤i ve ya¤ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi araflt›r›lm›flt›r. Ayçiçe¤i bitkilerinde çiçeklenme öncesinde alt yapraklardan üst yapraklara do¤ru 0 (kontrol), 5, 10, 15, 20 ve 25 adet olmak üzere alt› farkl› seviyede yaprak k›r›m› yap›lm›flt›r. Ayçiçe¤inde yaprak k›r›m› seviyeleri ile verim azalmas› aras›nda yak›n bir iliflki bulundu¤u görülmüfltür. Yaprak k›r›m seviyesi artt›kça, verim düflüfl oran› da art›fl göstermifltir. Her iki deneme y›l›nda da, tam ve k›smi yaprak uzaklaflt›rma uygulamalar›nda kontrol bitkilere göre ya¤ oran› düflmüfltür. Tohum ya¤›nda oleik ve linoleik asit oranlar› .