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History of establishment and development of technological research and development organizations under ministries in Vietnam

Research and development (R&D) organizations under ministerial administration are important components in the national system of science and technology (S&T) organizations. As shown by experiences of developed nations, R&D organizations are those institutions which play decisive roles in successful realization of objectives of the industrialization and modernization of the country. | 46 History of establishment and development of technological R&D organizations HISTORY OF ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS UNDER MINISTRIES IN VIETNAM M.Sc. Nguyen Thi Minh Hanh1 National Institute for Science and Technology Policy and Strategy Studies Abstract: Research and development (R&D) organizations under ministerial administration are important components in the national system of science and technology (S&T) organizations. They are also institutions which get large impacts from policy measures of re-management, shift or restructuring the system of S&T organizations during recent time. As shown by experiences of developed nations, R&D organizations are those institutions which play decisive roles in successful realization of objectives of the industrialization and modernization of the country. In order to give contribution to a better understanding of establishment and development of R&D organizations under ministerial administration, the paper deals with their formation, establishment, functions, tasks as well as actual state of activities. Keywords: System of S&T organization; Technological R&D organization. Code: 16052501 1. Formation of technological R&D organizations under ministerial administration After the re-gaining of independence by 1945, in lines with the activities to take over the administration of research organizations of the previous government, the Vietnam Government, step by step, built a new system of S&T organizations. Following the organizational model of S&T organizations of the Soviet Union, the one built by Vietnam was divided into three levels, namely: (i) Central research institutes of academic nature to realize fundamental research activities under administration of the Council of Ministers (actually the Government); (ii) Sectorial research institutes under administration of ministries to realize research activities to serve specific needs of line ministries (including some