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Ebook Medical image analysis and informatics - Computer-aided diagnosis and therapy: Part 2

Part 2 book “Medical image analysis and informatics - Computer-aided diagnosis and therapy” has contents: Computer-Aided diagnosis of breast cancer with tomosynthesis imaging, computer-aided diagnosis of spinal abnormalities, health informatics for research applications of CAD, and other contents. | 11 Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Breast Cancer with Tomosynthesis Imaging Heang-Ping Chan Ravi K. Samala Lubomir M. Hadjiiski Jun Wei 11.1 Introduction. 241 11.2 Imaging Characteristics of Breast Tomosynthesis.243 11.3 Computer-Aided Detection in DBT.249 Computer-Aided Detection of Microcalcifications  •  Computer-Aided Detection of Masses 11.4 Summary.260 Acknowledgments. 261 References  261 11.1 Introduction Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and the second-most common cause of cancer death in many countries, including the United States [1,2]. Mammography has been found to be effective in reducing breast cancer mortality by a number of cohort and case-control studies [1,3], although the cost of over-diagnosis has been a topic of controversy and study in recent years. A major limitation of screening mammography is the low sensitivity in dense breasts [4,5] due to the reduced conspicuity of lesions obscured by overlapping dense fibroglandular tissue. Another limitation is the high recall rate. Many of these recalls are caused by overlapping tissue that resembles a lesion and requires diagnostic workup. Finally, many malignant and benign lesions have similar mammographic appearance and cannot be distinguished even by further diagnostic workup. The positive predictive value of recommended biopsies ranges from only about 15%– 30% [6]. Recalls and benign biopsies not only cause patient anxiety, but also increased healthcare costs. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a new imaging modality that has been .