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The effects of biological and chemical treatment on gray mold disease in tomatoes grown under greenhouse conditions

A total of 163 bacterial strains isolated from tomato leaves were evaluated for their ability to suppress gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.) on tomatoes, and 4 strains consistently reduced the incidence of B. cinerea. | Turk J Agric For 31 (2007) 319-325 © TÜB‹TAK The Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatment on Gray Mold Disease in Tomatoes Grown under Greenhouse Conditions Figen YILDIZ1*, Mehmet YILDIZ1, Nafiz DELEN1, Arzu COfiKUNTUNA2, Pervin KINAY1, Hüseyin TÜRKÜSAY1 1 Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, 35100 Bornova, ‹zmir - TURKEY 2Nam›k Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, 59030 Tekirda¤ - TURKEY Received: 02.11.2006 Abstract: A total of 163 bacterial strains isolated from tomato leaves were evaluated for their ability to suppress gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.) on tomatoes, and 4 strains consistently reduced the incidence of B. cinerea. These antagonist strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens. The bacterial strains with in vitro resistance to fungicides were combined with low-dose fenhexamid in vivo. One strain of P. fluorescens (Pf163) reduced the disease incidence by an average of 78% on tomato plants inoculated with B. cinerea in greenhouse trials. In comparison to the control treatment, other P. fluorescens strains applied with low-dose fenhexamid reduced the incidence of decay by 74.17%, 70.52%, and 65.74%, respectively. The antagonists significantly reduced gray mold decay when combined with low-dose (12.5 ml a.i. hl-1) fenhexamid more than the control did. It was shown that antagonistic bacterial strains inhibited B. cinerea and that they have a potential use in combination with the fungicide in greenhouse experiments. Key Words: Tomato, Botrytis cinerea, Pseudomonas fluorescens, biocontrol, chemical control Sera Domates Yetifltiricili¤inde Görülen Kurfluni Küf Hastal›¤› Üzerinde Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Uygulamalar›n Etkileri Özet: Sera bölgelerinden al›nan domates yapraklar›ndan izole edilen 163 bakterinin, kurfluni küf hastal›¤›n› (Botrytis cinerea) bask›lay›c› etkisi bir seri testle ortaya konmufltur. Domates bitkilerinde kurfluni küf hastal›¤›na karfl› bu antagonist