tailieunhanh - Chapter 2: Basic conceppts of electronics

To help you have more specialized technique references serve the needs of academic and research, invite you to consult the document content "Chapter 2: Basic conceppts of electronics". Hope this is useful references for you. | Chapter 2 Basic Concepts of Electronics Hong Cao Medical instruments are widely used in clinical diagnosis monitoring therapy and medical research. They provide a quick and precise means by which physicians can augment their five senses in diagnosing disease. These instruments contain electric components such as sensors circuits and integrated circuit IC chips. Modern electronics technology which includes transistors ICs and computers has revolutionized the design of medical instruments. Biomedical engineers should have a fundamental understanding of their operations and a basic knowledge of their component electric and electronic systems. Using this knowledge provides a better understanding of the principles of various measurements as well as developing new measurements and instruments. Electrical engineering is too large a topic to cover completely in one chapter. Thus this chapter presents some very basic concepts in several fields of electrical engineering. It discusses analog components such as resistors capacitors and inductors. It then goes on to basic circuit analysis amplifiers and filters. From this it moves to the digital domain which includes converters sampling theory and digital signal processing. It then discusses the basic principles of microcomputers programming languages algorithms database systems display components and recorders. Electronic Components and Circuit Analysis Current An atom contains a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Most of the electrons are tightly bound to the atom while some electrons in the outer orbits are loosely bound and can move from one atom to another. In conductors there are many free electrons. This process of electron transfer occurs in random directions in materials. Suppose there is an imaginary plane in a conductor Figure a . The loosely bound outer orbital electrons continuously cross this plane. Due to the random direction 27 28 Chapter 2 Basic Concepts of Electronics of the electron movement the .

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