tailieunhanh - Chapter 12 - C++ Stream Input/Output

Stream Input/Output (ASIO) is a computer sound card driver protocol for digital audio specified by Steinberg, providing a low-latency and high fidelity interface between a software application and a computer's sound card. Whereas Microsoft’s DirectSound is commonly used as an intermediary signal path for non-professional users | Chapter 12 - C++ Stream Input/Output Outline Introduction Streams Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams iostream Library Header Files Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects Stream Output Output of char * Variables Character Output using Member Function put Stream Input get and getline Member Functions istream Member Functions peek, putback and ignore Type-Safe I/O Unformatted I/O using read, write and gcount Chapter 12 - C++ Stream Input/Output Outline Introduction to Stream Manipulators Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and setbase Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision) Field Width (width, setw) Programmer-Defined Manipulators Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint) Justification (left, right and internal) Padding (fill, setfill) Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, . | Chapter 12 - C++ Stream Input/Output Outline Introduction Streams Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams iostream Library Header Files Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects Stream Output Output of char * Variables Character Output using Member Function put Stream Input get and getline Member Functions istream Member Functions peek, putback and ignore Type-Safe I/O Unformatted I/O using read, write and gcount Chapter 12 - C++ Stream Input/Output Outline Introduction to Stream Manipulators Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and setbase Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision) Field Width (width, setw) Programmer-Defined Manipulators Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint) Justification (left, right and internal) Padding (fill, setfill) Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, showbase) Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and Fixed Notation (scientific, fixed) Uppercase/Lowercase Control (uppercase) Specifying Boolean Format (boolalpha) Setting and Resetting the Format State via Member-Function flags Stream Error States Tying an Output Stream to an Input Stream Introduction Overview common I/O features C++ I/O Object oriented References, function overloading, operator overloading Type safe I/O sensitive to data type Error if types do not match User-defined and standard types Makes C++ extensible Streams Stream: sequence of bytes Input: from device (keyboard, disk drive) to memory Output: from memory to device (monitor, printer, etc.) I/O operations often bottleneck Wait for disk drive/keyboard input Low-level I/O Unformatted (not convenient for people) Byte-by-byte transfer High-speed, high-volume transfers High-level I/O Formatted Bytes grouped (into integers, characters, strings, etc.) Good for most I/O .