tailieunhanh - Lecture Conducting and reading research in health and human performance (4/e): Chapter 9 - Ted A. Baumgartner, Larry D. Hensley

Chapter 9 - Descriptive research. The following will be discussed in this chapter: Overview of descriptive research, types of descriptive research, survey research methodology, General survey data collection methods, interview methods, questionnaire development,. | Chapter 9 Descriptive Research Overview of Descriptive Research Focused towards the present Gathering information and describing the current situation May or may not involve hypothesis testing Answers the question “What is?” Many types of research fall within this classification Types of Descriptive Research Survey Developmental Longitudinal approach Cross-sectional approach Case Study Correlational Normative Observational (. qualitative) Action Causal-comparative (. ex post facto) Survey Research Methodology Survey research is the most common type of descriptive research Involves questioning techniques for data collection Survey methodology consists of asking questions of a (supposedly) representative sample of the desired population at a single point in time. The persons of whom the questions are asked are called survey respondents The most difficult part of conducting a survey is writing the questions Census A survey which obtains responses from the entire population is called a census General Survey Data Collection Methods Interviews Questionnaires Interview Methods Phone interview Common in marketing research Not used much in HHP Personal interview Applicable if the sample is small and accessible Structured, semi-structured, or unstructured interview Recording of information Focus group interview Interview groups of people Requires skilled facilitator An interview schedule or guide contains the questions to be read to the respondent during an interview as well as a place for recording the answers Questionnaires A questionnaire is a self-report instrument that is generally mailed or handed to the respondent to complete with no help from the researcher Administered questionnaire Respondents are directly given the questionnaire Distributed questionnaire Questionnaire is mailed or electronically delivered Majority of survey research in HHP uses a questionnaire as data-collection technique Questionnaire Development Composing Questions – each question | Chapter 9 Descriptive Research Overview of Descriptive Research Focused towards the present Gathering information and describing the current situation May or may not involve hypothesis testing Answers the question “What is?” Many types of research fall within this classification Types of Descriptive Research Survey Developmental Longitudinal approach Cross-sectional approach Case Study Correlational Normative Observational (. qualitative) Action Causal-comparative (. ex post facto) Survey Research Methodology Survey research is the most common type of descriptive research Involves questioning techniques for data collection Survey methodology consists of asking questions of a (supposedly) representative sample of the desired population at a single point in time. The persons of whom the questions are asked are called survey respondents The most difficult part of conducting a survey is writing the questions Census A survey which obtains responses from the entire population