tailieunhanh - The Illustrated Network- P9

The Illustrated Network- P9:In this chapter, you will learn about the protocol stack used on the global public Internet and how these protocols have been evolving in today’s world. We’ll review some key basic defi nitions and see the network used to illustrate all of the examples in this book, as well as the packet content, the role that hosts and routers play on the network, and how graphic user and command line interfaces (GUI and CLI, respectively) both are used to interact with devices. | CHAPTER 2 TCP IP Protocols and Devices 49 bsdserver Inxclient winsvr2 wincli2 eth0 MAC 00 0e 0C 3b 87 32 Intel_3b 87 32 IPv6 fe80 20e Cff fe3b 8732 eth0 MAC 00 b0 d0 45 34 64 Dell_45 34 64 IPv6 fe80 2b0 d0ff fe45 3464 LAN2 MAC 00 0e 0c 3b 88 56 Intel_3b 88 56 IPv6 fe80 20e cff fe3b 8856 LAN2 MAC 00 02 b3 27 fa 8c IPv6 fe80 202 b3ff fe27 fa8c Ethernet LAN Switch with Twisted-Pair Wiring 50 PART I Networking Basics Each host in Figure has three types of addresses associated with the interface connected to the LAN. The first is the IPv4 address. For example the LAN interface on host Inxserver is eth0 and the IPv4 address is . The next address is the hardware address or MAC address on a LAN 00 d0 b7 1f fe e6. Finally each host lists the link-local IPv6 address based on this MAC address or fe80 2d0 b7ff fe1f fee6 for Inxserver. We ll talk more about IPv4 and IPv6 addressing and packets in Chapters 4 through 6. PROTOCOL STACKS ON THE ILLUSTRATED NETWORK LANs on the Illustrated Network send and receive frames mainly Ethernet II frames. Inside the frames are the packets that flow from source to destination. The packets and the messages inside the packets are formatted according to the individual protocols that make up the TCP IP protocol stack. What major TCP IP protocols are used on the Illustrated Network Ethereal has a convenient summary screen that displays whenever Ethereal is capturing packets. Let s FIGURE Ethereal capture summary showing the number of packets used by different protocols. Often a very few types predominate. CHAPTER 2 TCP IP Protocols and Devices 51 FIGURE Ethereal protocol hierarchy statistics. We ll be working almost exclusively with Ethernet frames on the Illustrated Network but not always. run Ethereal on wincli2 and see what kind of protocols we capture when we remotely access router CE6 and find the IP address associated with winsrvl. The summary screen is shown in Figure