tailieunhanh - Lecture Criminal investigation - Chapter 7: The crime laboratory

Learning objectives of this chapter include: Define and distinguish forensic science and criminalistics, Understand the importance of an investigator's understanding of crime laboratory capabilities, Describe the three measures of effectiveness of crime laboratories, Distinguish the Frye test from the Daubert test regarding the admissibility of scientific evidence, Explain the role and importance of DNA analysis in criminal investigation, | SEVEN The Crime Laboratory LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define and distinguish forensic science and criminalistics Understand the importance of an investigator's understanding of crime laboratory capabilities Describe the three measures of effectiveness of crime laboratories Distinguish the Frye test from the Daubert test regarding the admissibility of scientific evidence Explain the role and importance of DNA analysis in criminal investigation Identify the latest technologies in DNA evidence investigation and data banking Highlight the process of fingerprint identification and comparison Describe AFIS and IAFIS Describe NIBIN Briefly explain the techniques and methods used by both the ATF and FBI crime laboratories to examine evidence 7-1 FORENSIC SCIENCE Forensic science is that part of science applied to answering legal questions. It includes: The examination The evaluation And the explanation of physical evidence in law 7-2 CRIMINALISTICS Criminalistics deals with the study of physical evidence related to a crime From such a study a crime may be reconstructed Criminalistics is interdisciplinary in nature drawing upon: Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology 7-3 UNDERSTANDING CRIME LAB CAPABILITIES It is not unusual to find situations in which investigators not acquainted with the services of the crime laboratory expect too much from scientific analysis The analysis of evidence can be no better than the samples submitted The investigator therefore has a vital role to play in the success of laboratory examinations 7-4 MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIME LABORATORIES The effectiveness of crime laboratories and the services performed are measured by: Quality Proximity Timeliness 7-5 CRIME LAB PERSONNEL Have degrees in physical sciences Are well trained May testify as experts in courts 7-6 (Courtesy New Jersey State Police) LOCATION OF CRIME LABORATORIES IN FLORIDA The proximity of crime labs to the police is important In Florida's model labs are located throughout the state . | SEVEN The Crime Laboratory LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define and distinguish forensic science and criminalistics Understand the importance of an investigator's understanding of crime laboratory capabilities Describe the three measures of effectiveness of crime laboratories Distinguish the Frye test from the Daubert test regarding the admissibility of scientific evidence Explain the role and importance of DNA analysis in criminal investigation Identify the latest technologies in DNA evidence investigation and data banking Highlight the process of fingerprint identification and comparison Describe AFIS and IAFIS Describe NIBIN Briefly explain the techniques and methods used by both the ATF and FBI crime laboratories to examine evidence 7-1 FORENSIC SCIENCE Forensic science is that part of science applied to answering legal questions. It includes: The examination The evaluation And the explanation of physical evidence in law 7-2 CRIMINALISTICS Criminalistics deals with the study of physical .