tailieunhanh - Lecture Genetics: From genes to genomes - Chapter 20: Evolution at the molecular level

Chapter 20 describes evolution at the molecular level. In this chapter, the following content will be discussed: The origin of life on earth, the evolution of genomes, the organization of genomes, a comprehensive example: rapid evolution in the immune response and in HIV. | PowerPoint to accompany Genetics: From Genes to Genomes Fourth Edition Leland H. Hartwell, Leroy Hood, Michael L. Goldberg, Ann E. Reynolds, and Lee M. Silver Prepared by Mary A. Bedell University of Georgia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition Beyond the Individual Gene and Genome PART VI Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 20 Evolution at the Molecular Level The Origin of Life on Earth The Evolution of Genomes The Organization of Genomes A Comprehensive Example: Rapid Evolution in the Immune Response and in HIV CHAPTER OUTLINE CHAPTER Charles Darwin's theory of evolution "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" Published in 1859, based on 5 years of collecting specimens from around the globe Three principles: Variation exists among individuals of a population Variant forms of traits can be inherited Some variant traits confer an increased chance of surviving and reproducing Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 20 The origin of life on earth Self-replicating molecules may have led to the complexity of cells The first step in life had to fulfill three requirements: Encode information by variation of letters in strings of a simple digital alphabet Fold in three dimensions to create molecules capable of self-replication and other functions Expand the population of successful molecules through selective self-replication Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 20 The RNA world 1980s, Thomas Cech discovered ribozymes - RNA that can catalyze chemical reactions Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th . | PowerPoint to accompany Genetics: From Genes to Genomes Fourth Edition Leland H. Hartwell, Leroy Hood, Michael L. Goldberg, Ann E. Reynolds, and Lee M. Silver Prepared by Mary A. Bedell University of Georgia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition Beyond the Individual Gene and Genome PART VI Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 20 Evolution at the Molecular Level The Origin of Life on Earth The Evolution of Genomes The Organization of Genomes A Comprehensive Example: Rapid Evolution in the Immune Response and in HIV CHAPTER OUTLINE CHAPTER Charles Darwin's theory of evolution "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" Published in 1859, based on 5 years of collecting specimens from around the globe Three principles: Variation exists among individuals of a population .