tailieunhanh - Lecture Genetics: From genes to genomes - Chapter 14: Prokaryotic and organelle genetics

Chapter 14 - Prokaryotic and organelle genetics. This chapter begins with a discussion of the origins of yeast mitochondrial work. It then discusses the development of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model organism. It also shows how early work on the organelle genetics of Chlamydomonas and yeast were carried out relatively independently; but inevitably the rationales soon paralleled one another. | PowerPoint to accompany Genetics: From Genes to Genomes Fourth Edition Leland H. Hartwell, Leroy Hood, Michael L. Goldberg, Ann E. Reynolds, and Lee M. Silver Prepared by Mary A. Bedell University of Georgia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition How Genes Travel on Chromosomes PART IV Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 14 Prokaryotic and Organelle Genetics A General Overview of Bacteria Bacterial Genomes Gene Transfer in Bacteria Bacterial Genetic Analysis The Genetics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria mtDNA Mutations and Human Health CHAPTER OUTLINE CHAPTER Studies of bacteria were critical to the development of the field of genetics Classical bacterial genetics – 1940s to 1970s Virtually all knowledge of gene structure, expression, and regulation came from studies of bacteria and bacteriophages Advent of recombinant DNA technology – 1970s and 1980s Depended on understanding of bacterial genes, chromosomes and restriction enzymes Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 14 Bacteria have adapted to a range of habitats Different habitats On land, in aquatic environments, as parasites or symbionts inside other life-forms Some bacteria cause hundreds of animal and plant disease Most are crucial to maintenance of earth's environment Release oxygen to atmosphere Recycle carbon, nitrogen, and other elements Digest human and other animal waste Neutralize pesticides and other pollutants Produce vitamins and other materials essential to humans and other organisms Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 14 Bacteria sizes and | PowerPoint to accompany Genetics: From Genes to Genomes Fourth Edition Leland H. Hartwell, Leroy Hood, Michael L. Goldberg, Ann E. Reynolds, and Lee M. Silver Prepared by Mary A. Bedell University of Georgia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition How Genes Travel on Chromosomes PART IV Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required to reproduce or display Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 14 Prokaryotic and Organelle Genetics A General Overview of Bacteria Bacterial Genomes Gene Transfer in Bacteria Bacterial Genetic Analysis The Genetics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria mtDNA Mutations and Human Health CHAPTER OUTLINE CHAPTER Studies of bacteria were critical to the development of the field of genetics Classical bacterial genetics – 1940s to 1970s Virtually all knowledge of gene