tailieunhanh - Lecture Foundations of nursing: An integrated approach: Chapter 7 - Cliff Evans, Emma Tippins

A healthy digestive system is fundamental to supporting human life. Its ability to extract nutrients from the food we eat affects our general well-being in health and our response to illness in ill-health. Disorders of the digestive system range from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening, but affect everyone to some extent and at some point during their life. This chapter provides a general overview of the digestive system, and then explores its components in greater detail. Common conditions are examined through patient scenarios. | Chapter 7 The Gastrointestinal System Introduction A healthy digestive system is fundamental to support human life. Its ability to extract nutrients from the food we eat affects our general well-being in health and our response to illness in ill-health. Disorders of the digestive system range from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening, but affect everyone to some extent and at some point during their life. This presentation provides a general overview of the digestive system, and then explores its components in greater detail. Overview of the Digestive System The digestive system is divided into two areas: the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (gut) the accessory digestive organs The GI tract is a continuous tube (lumen) from the mouth to the anus. Between these ends it is divided into the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. The walls of the GI tract have four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. The accessory digestive organs are exocrine glands and include the salivary glands, liver and pancreas. The Digestive System The Splanchnic Circulation The digestive system is supplied by the splanchnic circulation. The liver only receives 20% of its blood supply from the hepatic artery. The remainder comes from the hepatic portal vein, which brings nutrient-rich blood from the gut for processing in the liver before it returns to the systemic circulation. Main Functions of the Digestive System Ingestion – food and drink being taken into the GI tract via the mouth Propulsion – swallowing and peristalsis Digestion Secretion – release of digestive juices for lubrication and digestion Absorption – final components of digestion are transported across the membrane of the GI tract into the circulation · Elimination – passing of undigested material, bacteria and excreted substances as faeces, also known as defecation The Stomach The stomach is an expandable storage sac between the oesophagus and the duodenum. It is | Chapter 7 The Gastrointestinal System Introduction A healthy digestive system is fundamental to support human life. Its ability to extract nutrients from the food we eat affects our general well-being in health and our response to illness in ill-health. Disorders of the digestive system range from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening, but affect everyone to some extent and at some point during their life. This presentation provides a general overview of the digestive system, and then explores its components in greater detail. Overview of the Digestive System The digestive system is divided into two areas: the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (gut) the accessory digestive organs The GI tract is a continuous tube (lumen) from the mouth to the anus. Between these ends it is divided into the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. The walls of the GI tract have four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. The accessory .

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• Foundations of nursing
• Lecture Foundations of nursing
• Body systems
• Nursing in practice
• Gastrointestinal system
• Digestive system
• Nursing register
• Nursing process
• Regulatory mechanisms
• Homeostatic feedback mechanisms
• Respiratory system
• Central control of respiration
• Cardiovascular system
• Heart disease
• Nervous system
• The brain
• Renal system
• Renal disease
• Musculoskeletal system
• Functions of the skeleton
• Reproductive system
• Male hormones
• Lymphatics systems
• Endocrine systems
• The senses
• The eye
• Children’s act
• Child protection
• Mental illness
• Mental health
• Learning disabilities
• Cerebral palsy
• First aid knowledge
• International distress sign
• Drug calculations
• Older patient