tailieunhanh - Influenza A (H5N1): Prevention

Prerequisite Control avian influenza in poultry Vaccines Early detecting poultry cases Localizing outbreak areas Destroying suspected poultry flocks Future: centralization in raising/slautering Control poultry-human contacts Propagation/Health education Symptomatic surveillance Prophylaxis for poultry workers and household members (?) Oseltamivir 75 mg qd | Influenza A (H5N1): Prevention Prof. Nguyen Duc Hien, MD, PhD Director of NIITD, Vietnam Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Measures Vaccines/antiserum Standard/universal precautions Personal protective equipments Prophylatic medications Quarantine and isolation Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Levels In hospital Close contacts Community Pandemics Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Functions of: Healthcare workers Clinicians Grassroot healthcare workers Epidemiologists Household members Policy makers Influenza A (H5N1) Etiology: virus Effectiveness of antivirals Oseltamivir, zanamivir Amantadine (?), Rimantadine (?) Transmission Route Respiratory tract Gastrointestinal tract Methods Droplets Airborne (?) Influenza A (H5N1) Risk factors A match case-control study from NIHE 2006 Design 28 case-patients 106 control-respondents Results Preparing sick/dead poultry ≤ 7 days before illness onset Having sick/dead poultry in the household ≤ 7 days before . | Influenza A (H5N1): Prevention Prof. Nguyen Duc Hien, MD, PhD Director of NIITD, Vietnam Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Measures Vaccines/antiserum Standard/universal precautions Personal protective equipments Prophylatic medications Quarantine and isolation Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Levels In hospital Close contacts Community Pandemics Introduction Prevention of Infectious diseases Functions of: Healthcare workers Clinicians Grassroot healthcare workers Epidemiologists Household members Policy makers Influenza A (H5N1) Etiology: virus Effectiveness of antivirals Oseltamivir, zanamivir Amantadine (?), Rimantadine (?) Transmission Route Respiratory tract Gastrointestinal tract Methods Droplets Airborne (?) Influenza A (H5N1) Risk factors A match case-control study from NIHE 2006 Design 28 case-patients 106 control-respondents Results Preparing sick/dead poultry ≤ 7 days before illness onset Having sick/dead poultry in the household ≤ 7 days before illness onset Lack of an indoor water source No clear evidence of human-human transmission Control Influenza A (H5N1) Prerequisite Control avian influenza in poultry Vaccines Early detecting poultry cases Localizing outbreak areas Destroying suspected poultry flocks Future: centralization in raising/slautering Control poultry-human contacts Propagation/Health education Symptomatic surveillance Prophylaxis for poultry workers and household members (?) Oseltamivir 75 mg qd Prevention: Vaccines H5N1 vaccine: in studying Yearly vaccine production Antigen: H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B Influenza antigen: shift and drift Require yearly data from global influenza surveillance Rate of vaccine failure ? Type of Influenza vaccine Killed vaccines Live vaccines Prevention: Vaccines Recomendation Groups to target FLU-A Facilities Likelihood of transmission to high risk persons Underlying medical conditions Age > 65 years/6-23 months Poultry workers ??? Guidelines from WHO, CDC Priority in pandemic .