tailieunhanh - Acute diarrhea in adults and children: A global perspective

Document presentation of content: Introduction and epidemiologic features, causative agents and pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and diagnosis, treatment options and prevention, clinical practice | World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines Acute diarrhea in adults and children a global perspective February 2012 A Resource Sensitive Solution Review Team Prof. M. Farthing Chair United Kingdom Prof. M. Salam Special Advisor Bangladesh Prof. G. Lindberg Sweden Prof. P. Dite Czech Republic Prof. I. Khalif Russia Prof. E. Salazar-Lindo Peru Prof. . Ramakrishna India Prof. K. Goh Malaysia Prof. A. Thomson Canada Prof. . Khan Pakistan Drs. J. Krabshuis France Dr. A. LeMair Netherlands World Gastroenterology Organisation 2012 Contents 1 Introduction and epidemiologic features 3 2 Causative agents and pathogenic mechanisms 4 3 Clinical manifestations and diagnosis 7 4 Treatment options and prevention 12 5 Clinical practice 19 List of tables Table 1 Overview of causative agents in diarrhea 7 Table 2 Episodes of diarrhea can be classified into three categories 7 Table 3 Linking the main symptoms to the causes of acute diarrhea enterohemorrhagic E. coli EHEC 7 Table 4 Clinical features of infection with selected diarrheal pathogens 8 Table 5 Medical assessment in diarrhea 8 Table 6 Assessment of dehydration using the Dhaka method 9 Table 7 Patient history details and causes of acute diarrhea 10 Table 8 Incubation period and likely causes of diarrhea 10 Table 9 Patient details and bacterial testing to consider 10 Table 10 Prognostic factors in children 11 Table 11 Constituents of oral rehydration salts ORS 13 Table 12 Recommended daily allowance RDA guide for a 1-year-old child 13 Table 13 Dietary recommendations 14 Table 14 Nonspecific antidiarrheal agents 16 Table 15 Antimicrobial agents for the treatment of specific causes of diarrhea 16 Table 16 Treatment for children based on the degree of dehydration 20 List of figures Fig. 1 Therapeutic approach to acute bloody diarrhea in children 21 Fig. 2 Cascade for acute severe watery diarrhea cholera-like with severe dehydration 23 Fig. 3 Cascade for acute mild moderate watery diarrhea with mild moderate .