tailieunhanh - Decision Support Systems: Chapter 2 - Decision - Making Systems, Models, and Support

Decision Support Systems: Chapter 2 - Decision - Making Systems, Models, and Support presents about Decision making, A preview of the modeling process, Decision making, Evaluation, Decision making, How decision are supported, Human cognition and decision styles. | Chapter 2 Decision-Making Systems, Models, and Support Decision Support Systems 2- Outline 1. Decision making 2. Systems 3. Models 4. A preview of the modeling process 5. Decision making: the Intelligence Phase 6. Decision making: the Design Phase 7. Decision making: the Choice Phase 8. Evaluation: Multiple goals, sentivity analysis, what-if and goal seeking making: the Implementation Phase 10. How decision are supported. 11. Human cognition and decision styles. 2- 1. Decision Making Decision making is a process of choosing among alternative courses of actions for the purpose of attaining a goal or goals. The four phases of the decision process are: Intelligence Design Choice Implementation Decision making = problem solving ? 2- Team-Based Decision-Making Team-based decision making Increased information sharing Daily feedback Self-empowerment Shifting responsibility towards teams Elimination of middle management 2- 2. Systems Structure of a system: Inputs . | Chapter 2 Decision-Making Systems, Models, and Support Decision Support Systems 2- Outline 1. Decision making 2. Systems 3. Models 4. A preview of the modeling process 5. Decision making: the Intelligence Phase 6. Decision making: the Design Phase 7. Decision making: the Choice Phase 8. Evaluation: Multiple goals, sentivity analysis, what-if and goal seeking making: the Implementation Phase 10. How decision are supported. 11. Human cognition and decision styles. 2- 1. Decision Making Decision making is a process of choosing among alternative courses of actions for the purpose of attaining a goal or goals. The four phases of the decision process are: Intelligence Design Choice Implementation Decision making = problem solving ? 2- Team-Based Decision-Making Team-based decision making Increased information sharing Daily feedback Self-empowerment Shifting responsibility towards teams Elimination of middle management 2- 2. Systems Structure of a system: Inputs Processes Outputs Feedback from output to decision maker Separated from environment by boundary Surrounded by environment Input Processes Output boundary Environment 2- 2- System Types Closed system Independent Takes no inputs Delivers no outputs to the environment Black Box Open system Accepts inputs Delivers outputs to environment 2- System effectiveness and efficiency Two major performance measures: Effectiveness is the degree to which goals are achieved. It is concerned with the outputs of a system. Efficientcy is a measure of the use of inputs (or resources) to achieve outputs. Effectiveness is doing the right thing Efficiency is doing the thing right 2- 3. Models Used for DSS A model is a simplified representation or abstraction of reality. Models are classified into 3 groups: Iconic Small physical replication of system Analog Behavioral representation of system May not look like system Quantitative (mathematical) Demonstrates relationships between systems 2- 4.