tailieunhanh - Ebook Radiographic pathology for technologists (6th edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Radiographic pathology for technologists" presentation of content: Urinary system, central nervous system, hemopoietic system, reproductive system, endocrine system, traumatic disease. | CHAPTER 7  Urinary System LEARNING OBJECTIVES On completion of Chapter 7, the reader should be able to do the following: • Describe the anatomic components of the urinary system and their functions. • Discuss the role of other modalities in imaging the urinary system, particularly sonography and computed tomography. • Discuss common congenital anomalies of the urinary system. • Characterize a given condition as inflammatory or neoplastic. • Identify the pathogenesis of the pathologies cited and the typical treatments for them. • Describe, in general, the radiographic appearance of each of the given pathologies. OUTLINE Anatomy and Physiology Imaging Considerations KUB Radiography Intravenous Urography Cystography Retrograde Pyelography Sonography Computed Tomography Renal Angiography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Interventional Procedures and Techniques Urinary Tubes and Catheters Congenital and Hereditary Diseases Number and Size Anomalies of the Kidney Fusion Anomalies of the Kidney Position Anomalies of the Kidney Renal Pelvis and Ureter Anomalies Lower Urinary Tract Anomalies Polycystic Kidney Disease Medullary Sponge Kidney Inflammatory Diseases Urinary Tract Infection Pyelonephritis Acute Glomerulonephritis Cystitis Urinary System Calcifications Degenerative Diseases Nephrosclerosis Renal Failure Hydronephrosis Neoplastic Diseases Renal Cysts Renal Cell Carcinoma Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor) Bladder Carcinoma KEY TERMS Acute glomerulonephritis Adenocarcinoma Bladder carcinoma Bladder diverticula Bladder trabeculae Bright disease Crossed ectopy Cryoablation 215 216 CHAPTER 7  Urinary System Cystitis Ectopic kidney Foley catheter Horseshoe kidney Hydronephrosis Hyperplasia Hypoplasia Malrotation Medullary sponge kidney Nephroblastoma Nephroptosis Nephrosclerosis Nephrostomy tube Neurogenic bladder Polycystic kidney disease Pyelonephritis Pyuria ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a