tailieunhanh - Energy efficiency in industry Student handbook

Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, . ) are ubiquitous enzymes of consid- erable physiological significance and industrial potential. Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to glycerol and free fatty acids. In contrast to esterases, lipases are activated only when adsorbed to an oil–water interface (Martinelle et al., 1995) and do not hydrolyze dissolved substrates in the bulk fluid. A true lipase will split emulsified esters of glycerine and long-chain fatty acids such as triolein and tripalmitin. Lipases are serine hydrolases. Lipases display little activity in aqueous solutions containing soluble substrates. In contrast, esterases show normal Michaelis–Menten kinetics in solution. In eukaryotes, lipases are involved in various stages of lipid metabolism. | INTELLIGENT USE II 2 OF ENERGY AT SCHOOL IV BHP Energy efficiency in industry Student handbook Intelligent Energy Europe INTELLIGENT USE 11 I cz Czzr- OF ENERGY AT SCHOOL I Edition EN - October 2010 Check IUSES project web site for updated versions. Disclaimer This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Intelligent Energy Europe INTELLIGENT USE 11 I cz Czzr- OF ENERGY AT SCHOOL I Authors Tadhg Coakley Clean Technology Centre - Cork Institute of Technology Noel Duffy Clean Technology Centre - Cork Institute of Technology Sebastian Freiberger Stenum Johannes Fresner Stenum Jos Houben University of Leoben Hannes Kern University of Leoben Christina Krenn Stenum Colman McCarthy Clean Technology Centre - Cork Institute of Technology Harald Raupenstrauch University of Leoben Layout Fabio Tomasi AREA Science Park About this handbook and IUSES This handbook has been developed in the frame of the IUSES -Intelligent Use of Energy at School Project funded by the European Commission - Intelligent Energy Europe Programme. The partners of the project are AREA Science Park Italy CERTH Greece CIRCE Spain Clean Technology Centre - Cork Institute of Technology Ireland Enviros . Czech Republic IVAM UvA Netherlands Jelgava Adult Education Centre Latvia Prioriterre France . IPA . Rumania Science Centre Immaginario Scientifico Italy Slovenski E-forum Slovenia Stenum GmbH Austria University Politehnica of Bucharest Rumania University of Leoben Austria University of Ruse Bulgaria Copyright notes This book can be freely copied and distributed under the condition to always include the present copyright notes also in case of partial use. Teachers trainers and any other user or distributor should always quote the authors the IUSES project and the Intelligent Energy Europe