tailieunhanh - American Ginseng – Panax quinquefolius L

American Ginseng – Panax quinquefolius L has many contents: taxonomy, botany and distribution, traditional uses, scientific research, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology of ginsenosides, effects on blood sugar and metabolism, diabetic renal damage, memory and cognition,. | American Ginseng - Panax quinquefolius L. 1. Taxonomy Panax quinquefolius L. Family Araliaceae Common names American ginseng five finger root sang tartar root redberry man s health root of life dwarf groundnut garantogen jinshard ninsin little man garent-oquen. Synonyms Panax quinquefolium L. Aralia quinquefolia L. Decne. Planch. Ginseng quinquefolium L. Panax americanus Raf. Raf. Panax cuneatus Raf. Two species of Panax P. quinquefolius and P. trifolius L. are native to North America. The latter species is much smaller and rarely used for medicinal purposes. There are 11 species globally several of which are Asian most notably P. ginseng . known as Korean or Asian ginseng. Pre. 34S. Pen ax quiKtjKffolium Ginseng A. upper portion of plant showing pal-mately-compound leaves with long-stalked leaflets and the berry-like drupes B fusiform root c. roots showing characteristic stem scars at the upper portion. Prom a photograph by Wyss. Set also Fig. 166. p. 305. Figure 1. Image from Applied and Economic Botany by Henry Kraemer. Published by author 1914. 2. Botany and distribution P. quinquefolius is a slender deciduous perennial growing to a height of 2 feet and bearing palmate-compound serrated leaves at the apex of the stem. Individual leaflets range from lance 1 shape to oblong. Leaves from young plants may consist of only three leaflets. As the plant matures more sets of these leaves appear but it is rare to see plants with four or more compound leaves or prongs as they are known. As the stem sympodium dies back each fall it leaves a bud scar on the root collar or rhizome - these are used as a means of assessing the plant s age Rural Action Inc. 2005 . Adventitious roots may form from these nodes in older plants Van Der Voort Bailey Samuel McGraw 2003 . Small whitish flowers appear in the summer born on a simple umbel in the main leaf axis. These are followed by red berry-like fruit containing up to three seeds. Seeds remain dormant for .