tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Composing extended top-down tree transducers"

A composition procedure for linear and nondeleting extended top-down tree transducers is presented. It is demonstrated that the new procedure is more widely applicable than the existing methods. In general, the result of the composition is an extended top-down tree transducer that is no longer linear or nondeleting, but in a number of cases these properties can easily be recovered by a post-processing step. | Composing extended top-down tree transducers Aurelie Lagoutte Ecole normale superieure de Cachan Departement Informatique alagoutt@ Fabienne Braune and Daniel Quernheim and Andreas Maletti University of Stuttgart Institute for Natural Language Processing braunefe daniel maletti @ Abstract A composition procedure for linear and nondeleting extended top-down tree transducers is presented. It is demonstrated that the new procedure is more widely applicable than the existing methods. In general the result of the composition is an extended top-down tree transducer that is no longer linear or nondeleting but in a number of cases these properties can easily be recovered by a post-processing step. 1 Introduction Tree-based translation models such as synchronous tree substitution grammars Eisner 2003 Shieber 2004 or multi bottom-up tree transducers Lilin 1978 Engelfriet et al. 2009 Maletti 2010 Maletti 2011 are used for several aspects of syntax-based machine translation Knight and Graehl 2005 . Here we consider the extended top-down tree transducer XTOP which was studied in Arnold and Dauchet 1982 Knight 2007 Graehl et al. 2008 Graehl et al. 2009 and implemented in the toolkit Tiburon May and Knight 2006 May 2010 . Specifically we investigate compositions of linear and nondeleting XTOPs ln-XTOP . Arnold and Dauchet 1982 showed that ln-XTOPs compute a class of transformations that is not closed under composition so we cannot compose two arbitrary ln-XTOPs into a single ln-XTOP. However we will show that ln-XTOPs can be composed into a not necessarily linear or nondeleting XTOP. To illustrate the use of ln-XTOPs in machine translation we consider the following English sentence together with a German reference translation All authors were financially supported by the Emmy Noether project MA 4959 1-1 of the German Research Foundation DFG . RC PREL c that nP Vp C nP Vp C nP VP VAUX VPART NP C nP VP. vauX np vpart Figure 1 Word drop top .

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• Composing extended top down
• tree transducers
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