tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Some Pragmatic Issues in the Planning of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases"

In this paper we examine the pragmatic knowledge an utterance-planning system must have in order to produce certain kinds of definite and indefinite noun phrases. An system, like other planning systems, plans actions to satisfy an agent's goals, but allows some of the actions to consist of the utterance of sentences. This approach to language generation emphasizes the view of language as action, and hence assigns a critical role to pragmatics. The noun phrases under consideration in this paper are those that presuppose the existence of an individual that could be described by the description D. In other. | Some Pragmatic Issues in the Planning of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases Douglas E. Appelt Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International and Center for the Study of Language and Information Stanford University 1 Introduction In this paper we examine the pragmatic knowledge an utterance-planning system must have in order to produce certain kinds of definite and indefinite noun phrases. An utterance-planning system like other planning systems plans actions to satisfy an agent s goals but allows some of the actions to consist of the utterance of sentences. This approach to language generation emphasizes the view of language as action and hence assigns a critical role to pragmatics. The noun phrases under consideration in this paper are those that presuppose the existence of an individual that could be described by the description D. In other words when a speaker uses a noun phrase with description D it makes sense to ask the question Which X is p This cri- terion includes more than strictly referential uses of noun phrases because it is not necessary for the speaker or hearer to know what individual is described by D it is merely necessary that the existence of such an individual is presupposed. Consider the attributive description in sentence 1 J The runner who wins tomorrow s race will qualify for the semifinals. The description runner who wins tomorrow s race cannot be referential because under ordinary circumstances the speaker could not possibly know who it is that would fit the description. Nevertheless it is still reasonable to ask which runner will win tomorrow s race because the description is objectively true of some individual. This qualification excludes noun phrases whose referents are bound within the scope of a universal quantifier such as the woman . in 2 Every man wants to meet the woman of his dreams. For a similar reason indefinites within the scope of a sentential negation are excluded because they introduce an existential quantifier which

• Báo cáo khoa học
• Some Pragmatic Issues
• the Planning of Definite
• Indefinite Noun Phrases
• scientific reports
• model language
• process natural language
• Dialog Control
• Natural Language System
• Dialog Control in a Natural Language System
• Expanding the Horizons
• Natural Language Interfaces
• Phil Hayes
• PROSPECTS OR PRACTICAL
• NATURAL LANGUAGE SYSTEMS
• Workshops
• NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERACTION WITH MACHINES
• Long Papers
• COMPUTER INTEBFACE DESIGN MURRAY TUROFF DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
• IiVFORMATION SCIENCE IIEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• EVALUATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASE SYSTEMS
• A PANEL DISCUSSION
• database query system
• J
• Norwood Crout
• INTERFACES TO DATA BASE SYSTEMS
• Bozena Henisz
• INTERPRETING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• DATABASE UPDATES
• S
• Jermld Kaplan Jim David
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASES
• Gary G
• Hendrlx and William H
• Lewis
• DATABASES THEORETICAL
• TECHNICAL ISSUES
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE INTERFACES
• PROBLEMS AND TECHNIQUES
• Barbara J
• Grosz
• THEORETICAL TECHNICAL ISSUES
• NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES
• R
• Petrick
• Domain Independent
• Database Access Systems
• ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE
• ACCESS TO DATABASES
• A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE
• Sharon C
• Salveter David Maier
• PLANNING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• EXPRESSIONS REFERRING
• Douglas E
• Appelt
• THE TEXT SYSTEM
• NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
• Kathleen R
• M
• MENTING A DATABASE
• KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION
• THE KEY TO THE SELECTION PROBLEM
• E
• Jeffrey Conklin David D
• McDonald
• A KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING
• Stuart C
• Shapiro
• NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXTS
• NECESSARILY GRAMMATICAL
• EVEN COMPLETE
• UNGRAMHATICALITY
• EXTRA GRAMMATICALITY
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING SYSTEMS
• Taxonomy
• Descriptions
• Individuals in Natural
• Language Understanding
• The Use of Ooject Special Knowledge
• Natural Language Processing
• Mark H
• Bursteln