tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Machine Translation: its History, Current Status, and Future Prospects Jonathan Slocum Siemens"

Translation (MT) of natural human languages is not a subject about which most scholars feel neutral. Thzs field has had a long, colorful career, and boasts no shortage of vociferous detractors and proponents alike. | Machine Translation its History Current Status and Future Prospects Jonathan Slocum Siemens Communications Systems Inc. Linguistics Research Center University of Texas Austin Texas Abstract Elements OỈ the history state of the art and probable future of Machine Translation MT are discussed. The treatment is largely tutorial based on the assumption that this audience is for the most part ignorant of matters pertaining to translation in general and MT in particular. The paper covers some of the major MT R D groups the general techniques they employ ed and the roles they play ed in the development of the field. The conclusions concern the seeming permanence of the translation problem and potential re-integration of MT with mainstream Computational Linguistics. Introduction Machine Translation MT of natural human languages is not a subject about which most scholars feel neutral. This field has had a long colorful career and boasts no shortage of vociferous detractors and proponents alike. During its first decade in the 1950 s interest and support was fueled by visions of high-speed high-quality translation of arbitrary texts especially those of interest to the military and intelligence communities who funded MT projects quite heavily . During its second decade in the 1960 s disillusionment crept in as the number and difficulty of the linguistic problems became increasingly obvious and as it was realized that the translation problem was not nearly so amenable to automated solution as had been thought. The climax came with the delivery of the National Academy of Sciences ALPAC report in 1966 condemning the field and indirectly its workers alike. The ALPAC report was criticized as narrow biased and short-sighted but its recommendations were adopted with the important exception of increased expenditures for long-term research in computational linguistics and as a result MT projects were cancelled in the . and elsewhere around the world. By 1973 the early part of the .