tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "The Semantics of Grammar Formalisms Seen as Computer Languages"

The design, implementation, and use of grammar forma]isms for natural language have constituted a major branch of coml)utational linguistics throughout its development. By viewing grammar formalisms as just a special ease of computer languages, we can take advantage of the machinery of denotational semantics to provide a precise specification of their meaning. Using Dana Scott's domain theory, we elucidate the nature of the feature systems used in augmented phrase-structure grammar formalisms, in particular those of recent versions of generalized phrase structure grammar, lexical functional grammar and PATRI1, and provide a (lcnotational semantics for a simple grammar formalism. . | The Semantics of Grammar Formalisms Seen as Computer Languages Fernando c. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International and Center for the Study of Language and Information Stanford University Abstract The design implementation and use of grammar formalisms for natural language have constituted a major branch of computational linguistics throughout its development. By viewing grammar formalisms as just a special case of computer languages we can take advantage of the machinery of denotational semantics to provide a precise specification of their meaning. Using Dana Scott s domain theory we elucidate the nature of the feature systems used in augmented phrase-structure grammar formalisms in particular those of recent versions of generalized phrase structure grammar lexical functional grammar and PATR-II and provide a denotational semantics for a simple grammar formalism. We find that the mathematical structures developed for this purpose contain an operation of feature generalization not available in those grammar formalisms that can be used to give a partial account of the effect of coordination on syntactic features. 1. Introduction1 The design implementation and use of grammar formalisms for natural language have constituted a major branch of computational linguistics throughout its development. However notwithstanding the obvious superficial similarity between designing a grammar formalism and designing a programming language the design techniques used for grammar formalisms have almost always fallen short with respect to those now available for programming language design. Formal and computational linguists most often explain the effect of a grammar formalism construct either by example or through its actual operation in a particular implementation. Such practices are frowned upon by most programming-language designers they become even more dubious if one considers that most grammar formalisms in use are based either on a .

• Báo cáo khoa học
• The Semantics of Grammar
• Formalisms Seen as Computer Languages
• Fernando C
• N
• Pereira and Stuart M
• Shieber
• scientific reports
• model language
• process natural language
• A Functional Semantics
• Natural Language Grammar
• Inquiry Semantics
• Vietnamese Question Answering System
• Definite clause grammar
• Computational semantics
• Inferable semantics
• Semantic representation
• Semantic expression
• The Semantics of Resource Sharing
• Long Papers
• Lexical Functional Grammar
• Categorial grammar
• modalities and algebraic semantics
• Koen Versmissen
• Cognitive Linguistics
• Metaphor
• Image Schemas
• Metonymy
• Spatial Semantics
• Mental Spaces
• Conceptual Integration
• Models of Grammar
• Dialog Control
• Natural Language System
• Dialog Control in a Natural Language System
• Expanding the Horizons
• Natural Language Interfaces
• Phil Hayes
• PROSPECTS OR PRACTICAL
• NATURAL LANGUAGE SYSTEMS
• Workshops
• NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERACTION WITH MACHINES
• COMPUTER INTEBFACE DESIGN MURRAY TUROFF DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
• IiVFORMATION SCIENCE IIEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• EVALUATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASE SYSTEMS
• A PANEL DISCUSSION
• database query system
• J
• Norwood Crout
• INTERFACES TO DATA BASE SYSTEMS
• Bozena Henisz
• INTERPRETING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• DATABASE UPDATES
• S
• Jermld Kaplan Jim David
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASES
• Gary G
• Hendrlx and William H
• Lewis
• DATABASES THEORETICAL
• TECHNICAL ISSUES
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE INTERFACES
• PROBLEMS AND TECHNIQUES
• Barbara J
• Grosz
• THEORETICAL TECHNICAL ISSUES
• NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES
• R
• Petrick
• Domain Independent
• Database Access Systems
• ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE
• ACCESS TO DATABASES
• A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE
• Sharon C
• Salveter David Maier
• PLANNING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• EXPRESSIONS REFERRING
• Douglas E
• Appelt
• THE TEXT SYSTEM
• NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
• Kathleen R
• M
• MENTING A DATABASE
• KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION
• THE KEY TO THE SELECTION PROBLEM
• E
• Jeffrey Conklin David D
• McDonald
• A KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING
• Stuart C
• Shapiro
• NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXTS
• NECESSARILY GRAMMATICAL
• EVEN COMPLETE
• UNGRAMHATICALITY
• EXTRA GRAMMATICALITY
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING SYSTEMS
• Taxonomy
• Descriptions
• Individuals in Natural
• Language Understanding
• The Use of Ooject Special Knowledge
• Natural Language Processing
• Mark H
• Bursteln