tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Chronometric Studies of Lexical Ambiguity Resolution "

These words are commonly termed "lexlcal ambiguities", although it is probably more accurate to speak of them as potentially ambiguous. Determining how the contextually appropriate reading of a word is identified presents an important and unavoidable problem for persons developing theories of natural language processing. A large body of psycholingulstlc research on ambiguity resolution has failed to yield a consistent set of findings or a general, non-controverslal theory. In this paper, we review the results of six experiments which form the basis of a model of ambiguity resolution in context, and at the same account for some of the. | Chronometric Studies of Lexical Ambiguity Resolution Mark s. Seidenberg University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. Michael K. Tanenhaus Wayne State University Languages such as English contain a large number of words with multiple meanings. These words are commonly termed lexical ambiguities although It is probably more accurate to speak of them as potentially ambiguous. Determining how the contextually appropriate reading of a word is identified presents an Important and unavoidable problem for persons developing theories of natural language processing. A large body of psycholinguistic research on ambiguity resolution has failed to yield a consistent set of findings or a general non-controverslal theory. In this paper we review the results of six experiments which form the basis of a model of ambiguity resolution in context and at the same account for some of the contradictions In the existing literature. This work has three foci. The first is that we consider the lexical structure of words with multiple meanings that is relations among the meanings which presumably govern their representation In memory and their access in context. Second we attempt to characterize the structure and content of the linguistic context In which an ambiguous word occurs. It is clear that the listener reader uses context to compute the correct reading of a word however contexts provide different types of information which may be utilized In different ways. Third we consider real-time aspects of ambiguity resolution as It occurs In people using a methodology that permits us to evaluate successive stages in processing. Relations among the meanings of ambiguous words vary along several dimensions. The component readings may be semantically related the senses of GRASP In to grasp a baseball and to grasp an Idea or semantically unrelated . the meanings of TIRE related to sleeping and wheel . This dimension underlies the traditional distinction between .