tailieunhanh - Human Development Indices A statistical update 2008

Media and the arts are the vanguard in this world, out in front, breaking new ground. Creative people are inventing new forms of expression, experimenting with them, and disseminating them. Not all new forms are adopted, of course, but the drive to explore and create is fueled by artists, musicians, and popular culture. Researchers have begun to think about these new forms of expression in the same way they might a new language. Using the very language forms they are studying, researchers work collaboratively to discover and describe the nature of 21st century literacy. Teachers entering the workforce have grown up. | y__N D p Human Development Indices y__N D p A statistical update 2008 HDR website http The human development concept is about putting people at the centre of development. It is about real improvements in people s lives. It goes beyond the material measure of their wellbeing or income. Under this paradigm economic growth is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for human development. There is a need to enlarge people s choices and enhance their capabilities so that they can develop their full potential and lead productive and satisfying lives in accord to their needs and interests. Among the most basic capabilities for human development are to lead long and healthy lives to be knowledgeable to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community. Without these many choices are simply not available and many opportunities in life remain inaccessible. The urgency to measure and closely monitor human development in an integral manner brought about the creation of the composite Human Development Index HDI back in 1990. The first section of Human Development Indices A statistical update 2008 reminds us of the human development paradigm indicators and traditional indices. Section two explains the data sources effects of data revisions on the latest HDI values and ranks including a discussion of the impact of the recently released purchasing power parity PPP exchange rates and their impact on the HDI. The third section looks at trends since 1980 and the fourth section addresses measures of inequality in income and gender. It also contains estimated HDIs for the richest and the poorest quintiles in a number of countries. The indicator tables at the end of the report include the latest values ranks and components of the Human Development Index Human Poverty Index Gender-related Development Index and Gender Empowerment Measure for all countries where the relevant data are available. .