tailieunhanh - Health Service Delivery Profile MONGOLIA 2012

KDHS shows an improvement on the percentage of babies’ breastfed within one hour of birth from (2003) to (2008/09). However, this indicator has stagnated between 52% and 58% since 1993 with 2003 registering the lowest prevalence. The Kenya Service Provider Assessment (2010) reports that in all observed live newborns, mothers of 76% of newborns were assisted to initiate breastfeeding. These are deliveries conducted in the health facilities. However, only 43% of births are delivered in health facilities while 56% of births take place at home. The National MIYCN strategy target is to increase the rate of early initiation of breastfeeding from 58 % to 80% by. | Health Service Delivery Profile MONGOLIA 2012 Compiled in collaboration between WHO and Ministry of Health Mongolia health service delivery profile Demographics and health situation Mongolia is a landlocked country bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south east and west. In 2010 it had a population of 2 780 spread over an area of 1 566 460 km2 giving a population density of per km2. The majority of the population are young despite declining fertility mortality rates and population aging. Most of the population is Mongol 85-95 by ethnicity while Kazakhs 4-5 Tuvans and other minorities are present especially in the west. One-third of the population lives in the capital Ulaanbaatar City and live in rural areas mostly as livestock herders. Table 1. Key development indicators in Mongolia Key development indicators Measure Year Human development index 2011 Gini coefficient 2000-2011 Total health expenditure GDP 2009 GDP per capita PPP 3 522 2009 Literacy rate 2000 Multidimensional poverty index 2005 Life expectancy at birth years 2011 Infant mortality rate per 1 000 live births 2010 Maternal mortality rate per 10 000 live births 2010 Sources UNDP2011 WHO CHIPS 2011 During the socialist period health services were publicly funded but despite achievements in workforce training a network of facilities and improved health status the system was inefficient. In the mid-1990s health sector reform focused on improving primary health care and disease prevention and this along with economic development contributed to improvements in health status and epidemiologic transition over the last 15 years. The leading causes of mortality are non-communicable diseases cardiovascular diseases neoplasms and external causes. Respiratory and digestive system diseases are main causes of morbidity along with external causes injuries and poisonings in urban areas and urinary tract diseases in rural settings. Health legislation .