tailieunhanh - Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies - Lesson 2: How do computers work

The lesson will introduce you to the computer. Your knowledge about the elements of the computer and how they work will enable you to easily understand the lessons on hardware, software and networks. | UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 1 Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies Lesson 2. How do computers work? UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 2 Rationale The lesson will introduce you to the computer. Your knowledge about the elements of the computer and how they work will enable you to easily understand the lessons on hardware, software and networks. UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 3 Scope What is a computer? What are the elements of a computer system? What are the different types of computer systems? What are the components of a data processing cycle? What is the role of a computer in the data processing cycle? What are some trends in the development of computers? UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 4 Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Describe how computers process information List the elements of a computer system Identify the different types of computer systems and their uses Explain the data processing cycle Define the role of . | UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 1 Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies Lesson 2. How do computers work? UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 2 Rationale The lesson will introduce you to the computer. Your knowledge about the elements of the computer and how they work will enable you to easily understand the lessons on hardware, software and networks. UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 3 Scope What is a computer? What are the elements of a computer system? What are the different types of computer systems? What are the components of a data processing cycle? What is the role of a computer in the data processing cycle? What are some trends in the development of computers? UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 4 Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Describe how computers process information List the elements of a computer system Identify the different types of computer systems and their uses Explain the data processing cycle Define the role of computers in the data processing cycle Be aware of development trends in ICT UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 5 What is a computer? A computer is a machine with electronic and electromechanical parts. It is programmable and is capable of performing the following functions: Accept data (input) Process data Generate output (information) Store data/information Retrieve/send data/information UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 6 Development of computers The beginning of the commercial computer age began on June 14, 1951 with the delivery of UNIVAC--Universal Automatic Computer to the . Bureau of Census Prior to this, however, Charles Babbage invented the Difference Engine and conceived of another machine called Analytical Engine. The latter had all the components of the computer input, output, processing and storage. Babbage is called the father of computers. UNESCO ICTLIP Module 1. Lesson 2 7 What are the so-called computer generations? First generation, 1951-1958: Vacuum tubes were used as

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