tailieunhanh - Diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease

Business and Functional Managers. The managers responsible for business operations and IT procurement process must take an active role in the risk management process. These managers are the individuals with the authority and responsibility for making the trade-off decisions essential to mission accomplishment. Their involvement in the risk management process enables the achievement of proper security for the IT systems, which, if managed properly, will provide mission effectiveness with a minimal expenditure of resources | j SIGN Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network NHS Quality Improvement Scotland 2008 KEY TO EVIDENCE STATEMENTS AND GRADES OF RECOMMENDATIONS LEVELS OF EVIDENCE 1 High quality meta-analyses systematic reviews of RCTs or RCTs with a very low risk of bias 1 Well conducted meta-analyses systematic reviews or RCTs with a low risk of bias 1- Meta-analyses systematic reviews or RCTs with a high risk of bias 2 High quality systematic reviews of case control or cohort studies High quality case control or cohort studies with a very low risk of confounding or bias and a high probability that the relationship is causal 2 Well conducted case control or cohort studies with a low risk of confounding or bias and a moderate probability that the relationship is causal 2 - Case control or cohort studies with a high risk of confounding or bias and a significant risk that the relationship is not causal 3 Non-analytic studies eg case reports case series 4 Expert opinion GRADES OF RECOMMENDATION Note The grade of recommendation relates to the strength of the evidence on which the recommendation is based. It does not reflect the clinical importance of the recommendation. At least one meta-analysis systematic review or RCT rated as 1 and directly applicable to the target population or A body of evidence consisting principally of studies rated as 1 directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results A body of evidence including studies rated as 2 directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results or Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 1 or 1 A body of evidence including studies rated as 2 directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results or Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 2 Evidence level 3 or 4 or Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 2 A B C D GOOD PRACTICE POINTS 0 Recommended best practice based on the clinical experience of the