tailieunhanh - Ebook Essentials of critical care nursing - A holistic approach: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Essentials of critical care nursing - A holistic approach" presentation of content: Respiratory system, renal system, nervous system, gastrointestinal system, endocrine system, hematological and immune systems, integumentary system, multisystem dysfunction. | Respiratory System FOUR CHAPTER 15 Patient Assessment: Respiratory System OBJECTIVES Based on the content in this chapter, the reader should be able to: 1 Describe the components of the history for respiratory assessment. 2 Explain the use of inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation for respiratory assessment. 3 Explain the components of an arterial blood gas and the normal values for each component. 4 Compare and contrast the arterial oxygen saturation and the partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in arterial blood. 5 Compare and contrast the causes, signs, and symptoms of respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis. 6 Analyze examples of an arterial blood gas result. 7 Discuss the purpose of pulse oximetry, end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring, and mixed venous oxygen saturation monitoring. 8 Discuss the purpose of respiratory diagnostic studies and associated nursing implications. 207 207 2/4/2012 3:12:16 PM 208 P A R T F O U R Respiratory System TA B L E 1 5- 1 Sputum Assessment History Sputum Appearance Significance Yellow, green, brown Clear, white Yellow Rust colored (yellow mixed with blood) Mucoid, viscid, blood streaked Persistent, slightly blood streaked Clotted blood present Bacterial infection Absence of infection Possible allergies Possible tuberculosis Principal symptoms to investigate in more detail commonly include dyspnea, chest pain, sputum production (Table 15-1), and cough. Because smoking has a significant impact on the patient’s respiratory health, the patient’s use of tobacco should be quantified by amount and how long the patient has smoked. Elements of the respiratory history are summarized in Box 15-1. A pulmonary illness often results in the production (or a change in the production) of sputum. Viral infection Carcinoma Pulmonary infarct Physical Examination A comprehensive pulmonary assessment allows the nurse to establish the patient’s baseline .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Respiratory system
• Renal system
• Nervous system
• Gastrointestinal system
• Endocrine system
• Gastrointestinal system
• Endocrine system
• Endocrine physiology
• Adrenal gland
• endocrine pancreas
• Male reproductive system
• Female reproductive system
• Endocrine integration of energy
• BRS Pathology
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Musculoskeletal system
• Medical language
• Physical medicine
• Nuclear medicine
• Skeletal system
• Endocrine and reproductive physiology
• Reproductive physiology
• The endocrine system
• The gastrointestinal tract
• Energy metabolism
• Phosphate homeostasis
• Pediatric critical care medicine
• The gastrointestinal system
• The renal system
• Critical illness
• Critical illness and injury
• Netters illustrated pharmacology
• Basic principles of pharmacology
• The autonomic
• Somatic nervous systems
• The cardiovascular system
• Critical care nursing made incredibly easy
• Critical care basics
• Endocrine system Endocrine system
• Netters histology flash cards
• Integumentary system
• Upper digestive system
• Lower digestive system
• Urinary system
• Cardiovascular system
• Lymphoid system
• Lecture AP Biology
• Systems biology
• Biological sciences
• Biological organization
• Intercellular signaling
• BRS Cell biology and histology
• Digestive system
• The urinary system
• Special senses
• Concise histology
• Circulatory system
• Systems development
• Muscular system
• Human anatomy
• The nervous system
• The brain and cranial nerves
• The respiratory system
• The lymphoid system
• Pharmacology success
• Neurological system
• Pulmonary system
• Genitourinary system
• Elseviers integrated physiology
• Renal system and urinary tract
• Lippincotts pocket histology
• Functional correlations
• Esophagus and stomach
• The reproductive system
• The digestive system
• General anatomy
• Lymphatic system
• Urogenital system
• The handy anatomy answer book
• Human growth
• Reproductive system
• The adrenal gland
• Life cycle of the male
• Female reproductive systems
• The female reproductive system
• Campbells Biology
• Lecture Biology
• Human physiology
• The human body
• The organ systems of humans