tailieunhanh - Ebook Yale university school of medicine - Heart book: Part 2

Part 2 book presents the following contents: Heart failure, heart muscle disease, heart rhythm disorders, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, women and heart disease, heart disease in the young, heart disease in the elderly, cardiovascular drugs, coronary angioplasty and interventional cardiology,. | CHAPTER 14 HEART FAILURE ROBERT SOUFER . The heart s primary function is to pump blood to all parts of the body bringing nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and removing waste products. When the body is at rest it needs a certain amount of blood to achieve this function. During exercise or times when greater demands are placed on the body more blood is required. To meet these variable demands the heartbeat increases or decreases and blood vessels dilate to deliver more blood or constrict during times when less blood is required. When a person is diagnosed with heart failure it does not mean the heart has stopped working but rather that it is not working as efficiently as it should. In other words the term failure indicates the heart is not pumping effectively enough to meet the body s needs for oxygen-rich blood either during exercise or at rest. The term congestive heart failure CHF is often synonymous with heart failure but also refers to the state in which decreased heart function is accompanied by a buildup of body fluid in the lungs and elsewhere. Heart failure may be reversible and people may live for many years after the diagnosis is made. See box Classifications of Heart Failure. Heart failure may occur suddenly or it may develop gradually. When heart function deteriorates over years one or more conditions may exist See box Effects of Heart Failure. The strength of muscle contractions may be reduced and the ability of the heart chambers to fill with blood may be limited by mechanical problems resulting in less blood to pump out to tissues in the body. Conversely the pumping chambers may enlarge and fill with too much blood when the heart muscle is not strong enough to pump out all the blood it receives. In addition as the architecture of the heart changes as it enlarges regurgitation of the mitral valve may develop making the heart failure even worse. WHO DEVELOPS HEART FAILURE There are an estimated 2 million people in the United States with heart .

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• Heart failure
• Heart muscle disease
• Heart rhythm disorders
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Heart disease in the young
• Heart disease in the elderly
• Cardiovascular drugs
• Drug in heart failure
• Device selection in heart failure
• The pathophysiology of heart failure
• Traditional mechanical support
• Inotropic therapy for heart failure
• Lecture heart failure
• Classification of heart failure
• The cause of heart failure
• Symptoms of heart failure
• Heart failure Definition
• Percutaneous mechanical support
• Cardiac resynchronization therapy
• Atrial arrhythmias in heart failure
• Heart transplantation
• Patients with chronic heart failure
• Chronic heart failure
• Self care among patients
• Patient’s knowledge about heart failure
• Physical activity of the patients
• BMC Genomics
• RNA seq
• Gene expression
• Current heart failure
• Etiology specific gene
• BMC Geriatrics
• Heart failure stages
• Population attributable risk
• All cause mortality
• Heart failure management
• The neural pathways
• Barorefl ex activation therapy in heart failure
• Modulation of autonomic function
• Therapies in heart failure
• Listening to the heart
• Nervous system regulation
• Cerebral aging
• The autonomic nervous system
• NT proBNP
• Premature ventricular complexes
• Stable ischemic heart disease
• Chronic ischemic heart disease
• Evaluation and management
• Right sided heart failure
• Right heart failure
• Main points of RHF
• Cardiac embryogenesis
• BMC Veterinary Research
• Platelet proteomic
• Myxomatous mitral valve disease
• Congestive heart failure
• knowledge of medicine
• pharmacy management
• medication management
• vasodilators
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• Pathophysiology of heart failure
• Pediatric patients
• Respiratory failure
• Diastolic heart failure
• Cardiogenic shock
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Ischemic Heart Disease
• Stable ischemic heart disease
• Acute coronary syndromes
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Ischemic stroke
• MCQs for cardiology knowledge based assessment
• Cardiology knowledge based assessment
• Ischaemic heart disease
• Valvular heart disease
• Adult congenital heart disease
• Pathophysiology of heart diseas
• The cardiomyopathies
• Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias
• Clinical aspects of cardiac arrhythmias
• Congenital heart disease
• Diseases of the pericardium
• Cardiology clinical questions
• Cardiology clinical
• Congenital heart diseases
• Heart failure and hypertension
• Managing chronic heart failure patient
• Chronic kidney disease
• Modification of risk factors
• Quản lý bệnh nhân suy tim mãn tính
• Bệnh thận mãn tính
• Điều trị bệnh thận
• Study of clinical characteristic
• Risk factors
• Deep vein thrombosis
• Lower extremities
• Pulmonary emboli
• Practical cardiovascular medicine
• Non‐ST‐Segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
• ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
• Additional heart failure topics
• Valvular disorders
• Left ventricular filling pressure
• Diastolic dysfunction
• Echocardiography guidelines
• Doppler echocardiography
• Renal dysfunction
• Estimated glomerular filtration rate
• Left ventricular ejection fraction
• Serum BNP
• Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
• Narrow QRS complex
• Speckle tracking echocardiography
• Dyssynchrony remains unclear
• QRS complex