tailieunhanh - Working Group on Horticulture, Plantation Crops and Organic Farming for the XI Five Year Plan (2007-12)

At the same time, by comparing over time, case studies document that well-executed investments can provide benefits. These accrue through four main channels, namely (i) social infrastructure, often supported by community development funds using land compensation; (ii) employment and jobs; (iii) access to markets and technology for local producers; and (iv) local or national tax revenue. In all cases, economic viability of investment is a necessary condition for positive social outcomes to materialize, including food security. Even if overall effects are positive, distributional issues may arise and will need to be addressed upfront to inform negotiation and contract design | Report of the Working Group on Horticulture Plantation Crops and Organic Farming for the XI Five Year Plan 2007-12 Chairman Member Secretary Government of Indio Planning Commission a n u a ry 2007 CONTENTS Page Numbers Preface Executive Summary i Chapter I Status Of Horticulture 1 Horticulture Redefined 1 Status Of Horticulture Industry In India 2 1. 3 Status Of Fruit Crops 4 Status Of Vegetable Crops 17 Status Of Mushrooms 24 Status Of Spice Crops 24 Status Of Ornamental Crops 27 Status Of Medicinal And Aromatic Crops 29 Status Of Plantation Crops 31 Conclusions 40 Chapter II Horticultural Research Introduction 47 Research Infrastructure 47 Varieties Developed 48 Improved Propagation Methods 54 Micropropagation 55 Biotechnology 56 Improved Production Technologies 56 Use Of Plant Bio-Regulators 57 Canopy Management 58 Irrigation 58 Protected Cultivation 58 High Density Planting 58 Standardization of Rootstocks 59 Use of INM and biofertilisers 59 Use Of Bio-Control Agents 60 Micro-Irrigation Fertigation 60 Protected Cultivation 60 Mulching 61 Plant Protection IPM and Pesticide Residues 61 Post Harvest Management 62 Mechanization 63 Major Crop Specific Problems 63 Plan Thrust Areas of Research 66 Chapter III Horticulture Development History and Infrastructure 67 Budgetary Allocation 70 Programmes and Progress 71 Chapter IV Planting Material Importance 120 Propagation Methods In Horticultural Crops 120 Existing Infrastructure 121 . Status Of Nurseries In The Country 122 Seed Act And Nurseries Registration Act 123 Major Initiative By States 124 X Plan Programmes 125 Certification Mechanism For Plant Material 127 Constraints In Development Of Planting Material 131 Projections For XI Plan 132 Budget Allocation for Creating Facilities under 148 .