tailieunhanh - Ebook Comprehensive textbook of echocardiography (Volume 2): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Comprehensive textbook of echocardiography (Volume 2)" presents the following contents: Congenital heart disease, miscellaneous and other noninvasive techniques. Invite you to consult. | SECTION 6 Congenital Heart Disease -Chapters_________________________________________________ Chapter 71 Fetal Cardiac Imaging Chapter 72 M-Mode and Two-Dimensional Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease Chapter 73 Real time 3D Echocardiography for Quantification of Ventricular Volumes Mass and Function in Children with Congenital and Acquired Heart Diseases Chapter 74 Three-Dimensional Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease Chapter 75 Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease Chapter 76 Echocardiographic Evaluation for Acquired Heart Diseases in Childhood CHAPTER 71 Fetal Cardiac Imaging Aarti H Bhat Snapshot Scope of Fetal Cardiology Indications for Fetal Cardiac Evaluati on Fetal Physiology Indications for Fetal Echocardiography Extracardiac Reasons and Associations for Fetal Heart Disease Fundamentals of Fetal Cardiac Imaging Case Studies I INTRODUCTION The field of fetal cardiology has made significant advances along with all aspects of prenatal evaluation over the last three decades. Almost all structural fetal heart disease is amenable to a detailed in utero diagnosis that can then be used to develop plans for fetal as well as postnatal management of a pregnancy. Fetal ultrasound and twodimensional imaging are central to this diagnostic process. Improvements in ultrasound techniques as well as our enhanced understanding of fetal cardiac anatomy and physiology have facilitated and broadened the scope of this specialty. The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with the basic framework of fetal cardiology using a basic description of echocardiographic anatomy. Liberal use of illustrative labeled screen images as well as movie clips on-line version are intended to orient the reader as well as provide an example of the anatomical defect or finding being discussed. I SCOPE OF FETAL CARDIOLOGY Cardiac malformations occur in 4 to 8 1 000 live births and account for one-third of perinatal mortality due to .