tailieunhanh - Ebook Knowledge Representation and Reasonin - Ronald J. Brachman

The philosophy of Ebook Knowledge Representation and Reasonin is different from each of these. Here, we concentrate on reasoning as much as on representation. | Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Ronald J. Brachman AT T Labs - Research Florham Park New Jersey USA 07932 rjb@ Hector J. Levesque Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3H5 hector@cs. toronto. edu @2003 Ronald J. Brachman and Hector J. Levesque Acknowledgments Preface Knowledge Representation is the area of Artificial Intelligence Al concerned with how knowledge can be represented symbolically and manipulated in an automated way by reasoning programs. It is at the very core of a radical idea about how to understand intelligence instead of trying to understand or build brains from the bottom up we try to understand or build intelligent behavior from the top down. In particular we ask what an agent would need to know in order to behave intelligently and what computational mechanisms could allow this knowledge to be made available to the agent as required. This book is intended as a text for an introductory course in this area of research. There are many different ways to approach and study the area of Knowledge Representation. One might think in terms of a representation language like that of symbolic logic and concentrate on how logic can be applied to problems in Al. This has led to courses and research in what is sometimes called logic-based Al. In a different vein it is possible to study Knowledge Representation in terms of the specification and development of large knowledge-based systems. From this line of thinking arise courses and research in specification languages knowledge engineering and what are sometimes called ontologies. Yet a different approach thinks of Knowledge Representation in a Cognitive Science setting where the focus is on plausible models of human mental states. The philosophy of this book is different from each of these. Here we concentrate on reasoning as much as on representation. Indeed we feel that it is the interplay between reasoning and representation that makes the .