tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Aspect and Discourse Structure: Is a Neutral Viewpoint Required?*"

We apply Smith's theory of aspect (1991) to German - a language without any aspectual markers. In particular, we try to shed more light on the effects aspect can have on d i s c o u r s e s t r u c t u r e and show how English and German behave differently in this respect. We furthermore describe how Smith's notion of a neutral v i e w p o i n t can be helpful for the analysis of discourse in German. It turned out that proposals claiming that the German Preterite covers. | Aspect and Discourse structure Is a Neutral Viewpoint Requừed Frank Schilder Centre for Cognitive Science 2 Buccleuch Place Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland . Internet schilderQcogsci . Abstract We apply Smith s theory of aspect 1991 to German - a language without any aspectual markers. In particular we try to shed more light on the effects aspect can have on discourse structure and show how English and German behave differently in this respect. We furthermore describe how Smith s notion of a neutral viewpoint can be helpful for the analysis of discourse in German. It turned out that proposals claiming that the German Preterite covers the progressive as well as the simple aspect can not sufficiently explain the data presented in this paper Băuerle 1988 . Finally we give a situation-theoretic approach to formalize Smith s intuitions following Glas-bey 1994 incorporating Allen s intervalcalculus Allen 1984 . 1 Viewpoint and Situation Aspect Smith 1991 presents two terms which are assigned to two distinct phenomena in language viewpoint and situation aspect. This two-level theory gives an explanation for the difference between aspectual information understood as a view on a situation and temporal features of a situation. The former can be gained after applying a certain viewpoint chosen by the speaker and the latter one is stored in the lexical entry of a lexeme. 1 The author gratefully acknowledges the helpful comments of Sheila Glasbey Lex Holt and the three anonymous reviewers of this paper. This research was supported by a PhD-scholarship HSPII AUFE awarded by the German Academic Exchange Service DAAD . 1 Besides the situation aspect described by the semantic entry of the verb many other sentential constituents . object or subject NPs may have ém influence on it Krifka 1992 . Situation Aspects Smith introduces three so-called conceptual features of situation aspects which have binary values namely stative dura-tive and telic. Five different situation .

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