tailieunhanh - A MASTER'S PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN NURSING

This is a wide-ranging and ambiguous condition, which actually refers to the need to retain some scope for manoeuvre, or policy space, so that every developing country can choose the most appropriate international trade integration policy or strategy on the basis of its social and economic characteristics and its historical evolution. These characteristics will therefore condition the rhythm, scope and phases of trade liberalisation. As highlighted by Steinberg, a trade liberalisation policy should also be seen (by partners, donors and multilateral organisations) as part of a more extensive economic development process and strategy. Hence, development is understood. | trct tf f f f f f ff ffPff f f eferff feef effeeeeee Identifying the Economic and Human Consequences of Prescription Opiate Abuse A Master s project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTERS IN NURSING By TINA ANN BUNCH WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY College of Nursing APRIL 2011 WashipgiDn State University Spofcana Riverpoint Campus library Spokane WA 99210-1495 Í rtctf f f f f f f f f f f f f Pf f f f f Pf f f er Pf f f f Pf ter To the Faculty of Washington State University The members of the Committee appointed to examine the master s project of TINA ANN BUNCH find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Mel Haberman . Id . Naomi Lungstrom ìựN ARNP FNP ii erffPfffffeffeffeeeefefefffÍffefeefepffpfer Identifying the Economic and Human Consequences of Prescription Opiate Abuse ABSTRACT By Tina Ann Bunch BSN RN Washington State University April 2011 Chair Mel Haberman Prescription drug abuse is our nation s fastest growing health care concern. The nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers is now the second most prevalent form of illicit drug use in America and it s tragic consequences are seen in substance abuse treatment centers and hospital emergency departments throughout our nation Goodale 2010 p 1 . Nearly million of emergency room visits were due to prescription drug use in 2009 an increase of from 627 291 visits in 2004 to 1 244 679 in 2009 DAWN 2010 . This dramatic escalation of prescription drug use has placed a significant impact on the global consumption of all opioids the United States . consuming 80 of the global supply and 99 of the global supply of hydrocodone Manchikanti 2007 . Unfortunately the rising prescription abuse has lead to a national health care crisis impacting many areas of our society both financially and emotionally. This paper reviews the current relationship between health care costs and prescription opiate abuse. In addition the paper examines the devastating .