tailieunhanh - Ebook Surface and radiological anatomy (3rd edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Radiological anatomy" presents the following contents: Radiological anatomy (superior extremity, inferior extremity, bone age, thorax, abdomen and pelvis, head and neck, vertebral column, angiography, new imaging devices). | Radiological Anatomy SUPERIOR EXTREMITY INFERIOR EXTREMITY BONE AGE THORAX ABDOMEN AND PELVIS HEAD AND NECK VERTEBRAL COLUMN ANGIOGRAPHY NEW IMAGING DEVICES NOTES Introduction INTRODUCTION Fig. 1 The study of anatomy by using X-rays is referred to as Radiological Anatomy. Many a fact in gross anatomy can be revealed and demonstrated in an X-ray plate radiograph and some of the organs . heart diaphragm stomach may be seen functioning by looking into the screen on which shadows fall fluoroscopy . Fig. 1 Position of X-rays in electromagnetic radiations Radiographs are an essential element in clinical diagnosis and a doctor has therefore to be well conversant with the anatomy of the normal radiograph of various regions before he can be proficient in the interpretation of complexities in disease. X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen a German physicist in 1895. They form a part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiations where the long electric and radio-waves are found at the one end the infra red visible and ultra- violete light waves in the middle and the X-rays gamma rays and cosmic rays at the shortwave length end. It is thus apparent that the X-rays are of the same nature as light rays but have the distinguishing feature that their wavelengths are very short 1 10000 of the wave length of visible light. It is this characteristic that permits X-rays to penetrate materials which otherwise would absorb or reflect light. .