tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Making Lexical Ontologies Functional and Context-Sensitive"

Human categorization is neither a binary nor a context-free process. Rather, some concepts are better examples of a category than others, while the criteria for category membership may be satisfied to different degrees by different concepts in different contexts. In light of these empirical facts, WordNet’s static category structure appears both excessively rigid and unduly fragile for processing real texts. In this paper we describe a syntagmatic, corpus-based approach to redefining WordNet’s categories in a functional, gradable and context-sensitive fashion. We describe how the diagnostic properties for these definitions are automatically acquired from the web, and how the increased. | Making Lexical Ontologies Functional and Context-Sensitive Tony Veale Computer Science and Informatics University College Dublin Ireland Yanfen Hao Computer Science and Informatics University College Dublin Ireland Abstract Human categorization is neither a binary nor a context-free process. Rather some concepts are better examples of a category than others while the criteria for category membership may be satisfied to different degrees by different concepts in different contexts. In light of these empirical facts WordNet s static category structure appears both excessively rigid and unduly fragile for processing real texts. In this paper we describe a syntagmatic corpus-based approach to redefining WordNet s categories in a functional gradable and context-sensitive fashion. We describe how the diagnostic properties for these definitions are automatically acquired from the web and how the increased flexibility in categorization that arises from these redefinitions offers a robust account of metaphor comprehension in the mold of Glucksberg s 2001 theory of category-inclusion. Furthermore we demonstrate how this competence with figurative categorization can effectively be governed by automatically-generated ontological constraints also acquired from the web. 1 Introduction Linguistic variation across contexts is often symptomatic of ontological differences between contexts. These observable variations can serve as valuable clues not just to the specific senses of words in context . see Pustejovsky Hanks and Rumshisky 57 2004 but to the underlying ontological structure itself see Cimiano Hotho and Staab 2005 . The most revealing variations are syntagmatic in nature which is to say they look beyond individual word forms to larger patterns of contiguous usage Hanks 2004 . In most contexts the similarity between chocolate say and a narcotic like heroin will mea-gerly reflect the simple ontological fact that both are kinds of .