tailieunhanh - Water use and conservation

Water conservation encompasses the policies, strategies and activities to manage fresh water as a sustainable resource to protect the water environment and to meet current and future human demand. Population, household size and growth and affluence all affect how much water is used. Factors such as climate change will increase pressures on natural water resources especially in manufacturing and agricultural irrigation. | HANDBOOK OF Water Use Conservation AMY VICKERS Water plow PRESS Amherst Massachusetts Contents About the Author. Acknowledgments XI XII XV Preface Water Conservation Planning Approaches. Ten Key Steps to a Successful Conservation Program 1. Identify Conservation Goals 2. Develop a Water-Use Profile and Forecast 3. Evaluate Planned Facilities 4. Identify and Evaluate Conservation Measures 5. Identify and Assess Conservation Incentives 6. Analyze Benefits and Costs 2 2 7. Select Conservation Measures and Incentives 8. Prepare and Implement the Conservation Plan 9. Integrate Conservation and Supply Plans Modify Forecasts 10. Monitor Evaluate and Revise Program as Needed Federal Conservation Planning Guidelines for Water Integrated Resource Planning for What Constitutes a Conservation Measure .5 Conservation Measures Conservation Incentives 2 Residential and Domestic Water Use and Efficiency Measures 11 Residential Water Sources of Residential Water Advances in Indoor Residential Water-Use Benefits and Costs of Residential and Domestic Water Basic Steps in a Residential Water Audit. 20 Indoor Residential and Domestic Water-Efficiency VI HANDBOOK OF WATER USE AND CONSERVATION Toilets .24 Water Use by Low-Volume Waterless Toilet Retrofit Toilet Leak Repair. 67 Urinals .76 Water Use by Urinals. 76 Low-Volume Waterless Urinals . 78 Urinal Retrofit Devices. 80 Urinal Leak Water Use by Showerheads. 88 Low-Volume Showerhead Retrofit Water Use by Faucets . 102 Low-Volume Faucet Retrofit Faucet Leak Repair and Food Disposer Retrofit Clothes Washers. 115 Water Use by Clothes Washers. 116 High-Efficiency Clothes .