tailieunhanh - Báo cáo " Phân huỷ 2,4,6-trinitoluen (TNT) trong chất thải rắn bằng phương pháp vi sinh hai giai đoạn "

Phân huỷ 2,4,6-trinitoluen (TNT) trong chất thải rắn bằng phương pháp vi sinh hai giai đoạn | Tạp chí Hóa học T. 47 3 Tr. 327 - 332 2009 PHÂN HỦY 2 4 6-TRINITROTOLUEN TNT TRONG CHẤT THẢI RẮN BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP VI SINH HAI GIAI ĐOẠN Đến Tòa soạn 27-10-2008 PHẠM MẠNH THẢO1 Đỗ NGỌC KHUÊ2 PHẠM KIÊN CƯỜNG2 Đỗ BÌNH MINH2 Học viện Kỹ thuật Quân sự 2Trung tám KHKT CNQS ABSTRACT A method for biodegrading 6-trinitrotoluene TNT as contaminant in solid waste by treatment of the contaminated waste under anaerobic using natural microorganisms is disclosed. Dry solid waste was first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water with a source of carbohydrate such as starch potato processing waste sewage sludge. The mixture was maintained in anaerobic condition and natural microorganisms fermented the carbohydrate and exhausted the oxygen in the fluid medium thereby rendering the slurry anaerobic which lowered the redox potential of the environment and promoted degradation of TNT in the followed stage. Anaerobic conditions were preferably determined via a potentiometric measurement where a redox potential of -200 mV or less indicated strict anaerobic conditions. In the subsequent anaerobic stage an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completed the mineralization of TNT using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Microbial activity can assist degradation of organic contaminants either directly by enzyme production or indirectly by maintaining the reduction conditions of the environment and thereby enhancing the inorganic and biochemical mechanisms. Bench scale experiment was conducted to assess the rate and extent of TNT biodegradation. Results indicated that after 6 to 7 weeks incubation the concentration of TNT reduced greater than 95 from 277 at the initial to below 13 1. I - GIỚI THIỆU Các loại chất nổ có năng lượng cao như 2 4 6 trinitrotoluen TNT cyclotrimetylen-trinitramin RDX gọi chung là các nitro thơm là những chất độc và có khả nàng gây ung thư 3 Việc sàn xuất tàng trữ và sử dụng rộng rãi các chất trên