tailieunhanh - Ebook Concise histology: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Concise histology" presents the following contents: Circulatory system, lymphoid (immune) system, integument, respiratory system, endocrine system, digestive system, urinary system, female reproductive system, male reproductive system, special senses. | 11 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system is composed of a four- and left atrial chambered heart divided into right receiving chambers and right and left ventricular discharging chambers. The right side of the heart containing the right atrium and right ventricle comprises the pulmonary circuit delivering blood to the lungs for oxygenation and release of carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood is returned to the left side systemic circuit of the heart and is pumped out of the left ventricle to be distributed to the tissues of the body. The vessels constituting the cardiovascular system are Arteries that originate at the heart and convey blood away from the heart as these vessels arborize their branches diminish in size the farther they are from the heart. Veins whose vessels return blood to the heart the smallest vessels are farthest from the heart and the largest vessels are closest to the heart. Capillaries the smallest vessels with the thinnest walls are interposed between the arterial and venous systems they function in permitting the exchange of materials between cells and the bloodstream. Capillaries receive blood from the smallest arteries the arterioles and metarterioles and deliver blood to the smallest veins the venules. BLOOD VESSEL TUNICS The wall of arteries and veins is composed of three layers tunica intima tunica media and tunica adventitia Fig. . The innermost layer of the tunics the tunica intima is composed of a simple squamous epithelium and endothelium that lines the lumen of the vessel. KEY WORDS Vessel tunics Arteries Arterioles Regulation of blood pressure Capillaries Veins Heart Lymph vessels Interposed between the endothelium and the subendothelial connective tissue is the basement membrane. In muscular arteries the subendothelial connective tissue houses a few smooth muscle cells. The subendothelial connective tissue is surrounded by the internal elastic lamina a perforated elastic membrane composed mostly of

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