tailieunhanh - Ebook Asterion the practical handbook of anatomy (2nd edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 1 book "Asterion the practical handbook of anatomy" presents the following contents: Radiology, osteology, surface marking, spotters and discussion topics, red alert. Invite you to consult. | Radiology CHAPTER 3 Basics IMAGING MODALITIES The principal imaging modalities used today are 1. Using ionizing radiations like X-rays gamma rays a. Plane radiographs b. Contrast radiographs c. Computated tomography CT PET 2. Using non ionizing radiations a. Ultrasonography Doppler etc b. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI RADIO-OPACITIES The fundamental principle of all radiographic tests that employ X-rays is that different body tissues have a different capacity to block or absorb X-rays. The tissue densities in order of increasing radio-opacity . whiteness on conventional radiographic film or computerized tomograms which are usually seen on a radiograph are 1. Air as found for example in the trachea and lungs the stomach and intestine and the paranasal sinuses. 2. Fat. 3. Soft tissues . heart kidney muscles these are all approximately the density of water . 4. Calcific due to the presence of calcium and phosphorus for example in the skeleton. Radiology 153 5. Enamel of the teeth. 6. Dense foreign bodies for example metallic fillings in the teeth. Also radio-opaque contrast media such as a barium meal in the stomach or intravascular contrast. PLANE RADIOGRAPHS Here no contrast media is used. Produced by passage of X-rays through subject and exposing a radiographic film. Here bone absorbs most radiation causing least film exposure thus developed film appears white at such regions. On the other hand air absorbs least radiation causing maximum exposure so film appears black on such areas. Between these extremes large differential tissues absorb radiation producing grey scale image. Types of Views Posteroanterior view PA view - Here the beam of rays enters from back to front of the subj ect. - Here the structures visible are mostly the anterior most structures. Anteroposterior view AP view - Here the beam enters from front to the back of the subject. - Here the structures visible are mostly the posterior most structures. Lateral view - Here the beam passes through

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• Asterion the practical handbook of anatomy
• he practical handbook of anatomy
• Spotters and discussion topics
• Abdomen and pelvis
• Lower limb
• BRS Gross anatomy
• Upper limb
• Bones of the lower limb
• The lower limb
• Cutaneous nerves
• Superficial veins
• Nerves of the lower limb
• Surface and living anatomy
• Bony features of the upper limb
• Joints of the upper limb
• Muscles of the upper limb
• Arterial pulses of the upper limb
• Joints of the lower limb
• Summary of Phd Thesis
• Summary of Phd Thesis in Medicinet
• Subclinical features
• Corrective surgery outcomes
• Lower limb axis
• Osteogenesis imperfecta
• BMC Pediatrics
• Cerebral palsy
• Serial casting
• Meta synthesis
• Meta analysis
• BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
• Knee joint rotation
• Measurement accuracy
• Coronal alignment of the lower limb
• EOS image
• Patient satisfaction
• Lower limb surgery
• Orthopaedic service
• Mobile platforms
• Nintendo Wii balance board
• Isometric hand grip strength
• Isometric lower limb strength
• Muscle strength
• Normative data
• Reference data
• Degenerative disease
• Lumbar canal stenosis
• Operation time
• Lower limb arthroplasty
• Animated Activity Questionnaire
• Lower limb osteoarthritis
• Fisher z transformation
• Knee injury osteoarthritis score
• Theoretical intervention
• Behaviour change
• Clinical symptoms
• Confidence interval
• Self reported adult footwear
• Modulate index joint pain
• Motor function
• Rehabilitation robot
• Kinematic model
• Dynamic model
• Post stroke patient
• DOFS lower limb rehabilitation robot
• Hip osteoarthritis
• Muscle weakness
• Lower limb muscle strength
• Muscle atrophy
• General bicycling
• Bicycling participation
• Physical activity
• Body mass index
• Body weight
• Lower limb amputation
• Prosthetic repairs
• Trans femoral amputation
• BMC Cancer
• Gynecologic neoplasms
• Compression bandage
• Lower limb lymphedema
• Compression based physical therapy
• BMC Geriatrics
• Older Adults
• Cellular aging
• Quality of life
• Lower limb fractures
• Non weight bearing
• Delphi process
• Old people
• BMC Anesthesiology
• Lower limb perfusion
• Robotic prostatectomy
• Lithotomy position
• Near infrared spectroscopyc
• Journal of Science and Technology
• Bio based supervisory control
• Lower exoskeleton for stance phase
• Wearable lower limb exoskeleton
• The coupled human robot system
• The impedance control strategy
• Clinical anatomy
• The head and neck
• The central nervous system
• The thyroid gland
• The surface anatomy of the neck
• The arteries of the lower limb
• Anatomy at a glance
• The upper limb
• The autonomic nervous system
• The spine and spinal cord
• Atlas of anatomy
• Head and neck
• Temporal bone and ear
• Blood vessels of the brain
• Autonomic nervous system
• Neurovasculature of the skull and face
• Netters concise radiologic anatomy
• Pelvis and perineum
• Iliopectineal bursa
• Cruciate ligaments
• Deltoid ligament
• Netters anatomy flash cards
• Internal oblique
• Autonomic nerves
• Visceral referred pain