tailieunhanh - An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 78

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 78. This one of a kind encyclopedia presents the entire field of technology from rudimentary agricultural tools to communication satellites in this first of its kind reference source. Following an introduction that discusses basic tools, devices, and mechanisms, the chapters are grouped into five parts that provide detailed information on materials, power and engineering, transportation, communication and calculation, and technology and society, revealing how different technologies have together evolved to produce enormous changes in the course of history | PART FOUR COMMUNICATION AND CALCULATION contractors such as NASA for space programme records Bell Telephone Laboratories for maintaining Nike-X data and the Southern Pacific Railway for waybills. The Ampex professional system was the standard for commercial television studios for several decades. Much less expensive recorders using one inch wide tape attracted educators and training establishments which wanted to experiment with this alternative to film production these VTRs use helical recording tracks at a slant instead of almost vertical . Many helical recorders were in use during the 1960s and Philips soon marketed a videocassette recorder VCR which was much easier to operate for the inexperienced. Philips one-hub cassettes were not very reliable and image quality was inferior. Sony brought out a two-hub system using 3 4 inch-wide 19mm tape called U-Matic. These recorders sold for 2000 or more but were very reliable versatile and provided a high-quality colour picture and U-Matic became the standard for educational and industrial use. During the 1970s Phillips Sony andJVC Japan Victor Corporation brought out rival two-hub consumer systems using 1 2-inch tape. By the early 1980s the most popular wasJVC s VHS video home system Sony s Betamax had only 10 per cent of the market and the Philips V2000 was scrapped. By 1985 inexpensive VHS recorders capable of recording up to four hours of TV on one cassette and with built-in timers for unattended recording were dominant. In the early 1970s mass memory systems based on lasers and holography see p. 737 were developed. of RCA invented a home system Selectavision which used clear vinyl tape for the storage and playback of colour television programmes images were stored holographically. Precision Instruments Company developed an optical terabit memory 1 terabit 1012 bits the Unicon based on burning 1pm holes in metal-coated polyester tape with a laser. However such optical media like .

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