tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Entrainment in Speech Preceding Backchannels"

In conversation, when speech is followed by a backchannel, evidence of continued engagement by one’s dialogue partner, that speech displays a combination of cues that appear to signal to one’s interlocutor that a backchannel is appropriate. We term these cues backchannel-preceding cues (BPC)s, and examine the Columbia Games Corpus for evidence of entrainment on such cues. Entrainment, the phenomenon of dialogue partners becoming more similar to each other, is widely believed to be crucial to conversation quality and success. . | Entrainment in Speech Preceding Backchannels Rivka Levitan Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University New York NY 10027 UsA rlevitan@. Agustin Gravano DC-FCEyN LIS Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina u gravano@ Julia Hirschberg Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University New York NY 10027 UsA julia@ Abstract In conversation when speech is followed by a backchannel evidence of continued engagement by one s dialogue partner that speech displays a combination of cues that appear to signal to one s interlocutor that a backchannel is appropriate. We term these cues backchannel-preceding cues BPC s and examine the Columbia Games Corpus for evidence of entrainment on such cues. Entrainment the phenomenon of dialogue partners becoming more similar to each other is widely believed to be crucial to conversation quality and success. Our results show that speaking partners entrain on BPCs that is they tend to use similar sets of BPCs this similarity increases over the course of a dialogue and this similarity is associated with measures of dialogue coordination and task success. 1 Introduction In conversation dialogue partners often become more similar to each other. This phenomenon known in the literature as entrainment alignment accommodation or adaptation has been found to occur along many acoustic prosodic syntactic and lexical dimensions in both human-human interactions Brennan and Clark 1996 Coulston et al. 2002 Reitter et al. 2006 Ward and Litman 2007 Niederhoffer and Pennebaker 2002 Ward and Mamidipally 2008 Buder et al. 2010 and humancomputer interactions Brennan 1996 Bell et al. 2000 Stoyanchev and Stent 2009 Bell et al. 2003 and has been associated with dialogue success and naturalness Pickering and Garrod 2004 Goleman 113 2006 Nenkova et al. 2008 . That is interlocutors who entrain achieve better communication. However the question of how best to measure this phenomenon has not been well established. Most .