tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Combining data and mathematical models of language change"

English noun/verb (N/V) pairs (contract, cement) have undergone complex patterns of change between 3 stress patterns for several centuries. We describe a longitudinal dataset of N/V pair pronunciations, leading to a set of properties to be accounted for by any computational model. We analyze the dynamics of 5 dynamical systems models of linguistic populations, each derived from a model of learning by individuals. | Combining data and mathematical models of language change Morgan Sonderegger University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. morgan@ Partha Niyogi University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. niyogi@ Abstract English noun verb N V pairs contract cement have undergone complex patterns of change between 3 stress patterns for several centuries. We describe a longitudinal dataset of N V pair pronunciations leading to a set of properties to be accounted for by any computational model. We analyze the dynamics of 5 dynamical systems models of linguistic populations each derived from a model of learning by individuals. We compare each model s dynamics to a set of properties observed in the N V data and reason about how assumptions about individual learning affect population-level dynamics. 1 Introduction The fascinating phenomena of language evolution and language change have inspired much work from computational perspectives in recent years. Research in this field considers populations of linguistic agents and asks how the population dynamics are related to the behavior of individual agents. However most such work makes little contact with empirical data de Boer and Zuidema 2009 .1 As pointed out by Choudhury 2007 most computational work on language change deals with data from cases of change either not at all or at a relatively high Recent computational work has addressed real world data from change in several languages Mitchener 2005 Choudhury et al. 2006 Choud-hury et al. 2007 Pearl and Weinberg 2007 Da-land et al. 2007 Landsbergen 2009 . In the same 1 However among language evolution researchers there has been significant recent interest in behavioral experiments using the iterated learning paradigm Griffiths and Kalish 2007 Kalish et al. 2007 Kirby et al. 2008 . 2We do not review the literature on computational studies of change due to space constraints see Baker 2008 Wang et al. 2005 Niyogi 2006 for reviews. spirit we use data from an ongoing .