tailieunhanh - Internal combustion engines - Energy Department

Internal combustion engines (ICE) are the main sources of powering for almost all road vehicles, yet many other machines too. Being under strength development for a number of years, they have already reached a relatively high level of technical excellence and now they also produce acceptable output parameters. Still, they are not devoid of drawbacks. Harmful exhaust emissions can be pointed as the most important here. This problem is the main focus of interest for automotive researchers and engineers. Continuous decrease of exhaust emission limits additionally intensifies their efforts to produce more green engines and vehicles. On the other hand,. | Internal Combustion Engines Edited by Kazimierz Lejda Pawel Wos INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Edited by Kazimierz Lejda and Pawet Wos Internal Combustion Engines http 2806 Edited by Kazimierz Lejda and Pawel Wos Contributors Wladyslaw Mitianiec Yoshihito Yagyu Hideo Nagata Nobuya Hayashi Hiroharu Kawasaki Tamiko Ohshima Yoshiaki Suda Seiji Baba Eliseu Monteiro Marc Bellenoue Julien Sottton Abel Rouboa Simón Fygueroa Carlos Villamar Olga Fygueroa Artur Jaworski Hubert Kuszewski Kazimierz Lejda Adam Ustrzycki Teresa Donateo Mudassar Abbas Rizvi Qarab Raza Aamer Iqbal Bhatti Sajjad Zaidi Mansoor Khan Sorin Ratiu Corneliu Birtok-Băneasă Yuki Kudoh Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9 51000 Rijeka Croatia Copyright 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license which allows users to download copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes as long as the author and publisher are properly credited which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech authors have the right to republish it in whole or part in any publication of which they are the author and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials instructions methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Marina Jozipovic Typesetting InTech Prepress Novi Sad Cover InTech Design Team First published November 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is .