tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "The Creation of a Corpus of English Metalanguage"

Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 638–646, Jeju, Republic of Korea, 8-14 July 2012. c 2012 Association for Computational Linguistics. Systems using sentiment analysis are affected, as sentiment-suggestive terms appearing in metalanguage (especially in quotation, a form of the phenomenon (Maier 2007)) are not necessarily reflective of the writer or speaker. | The Creation of a Corpus of English Metalanguage Shomir Wilson Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA shomir@ Abstract Metalanguage is an essential linguistic mechanism which allows us to communicate explicit information about language itself. However it has been underexamined in research in language technologies to the detriment of the performance of systems that could exploit it. This paper describes the creation of the first tagged and delineated corpus of English metalanguage accompanied by an explicit definition and a rubric for identifying the phenomenon in text. This resource will provide a basis for further studies of metalanguage and enable its utilization in language technologies. 1 Introduction In order to understand the language that we speak we sometimes must refer to the language itself. Language users do this through an understanding of the use-mention distinction as exhibited by the mechanism of metalanguage that is language that describes language. The use-mention distinction is illustrated simply in Sentences 1 and 2 below 1 I watch football on weekends. 2 Football may refer to one of several sports. A reader understands that football in Sentence 1 refers to a sporting activity while the same word in Sentence 2 refers to the term football itself. Evidence suggests that human communication frequently employs metalanguage Anderson et al. 2002 and the phenomenon is essential for many activities including the introduction of new This research was performed during a prior affiliation with the University of Maryland at College Park. 638 vocabulary attribution of statements explanation of meaning and assignment of names Saka 2003 . Sentences 3 through 8 below further illustrate the phenomenon highlighted in bold. 3 This is sometimes called tough love. 4 I wrote meet outside on the chalkboard. 5 Has is a conjugation of the verb have. 6 The button labeled go was illuminated. 7 That bus was its name 61C 8 Mississippi is fun to spell. .

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