tailieunhanh - Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 58

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 58 provides a wide variety of perspectives on both traditional and more recent views of Earth's resources. It serves as a bridge connecting the domains of resource exploitation, environmentalism, geology, and biology, and it explains their interrelationships in terms that students and other nonspecialists can understand. The articles in this set are extremely diverse, with articles covering soil, fisheries, forests, aluminum, the Industrial Revolution, the . Department of the Interior, the hydrologic cycle, glass, and placer mineral deposits. . | 518 Glaciation Global Resources steam from steam vents to drive turbines was put into operation in Larderello Italy in 1913. Destroyed during World War II it was later rebuilt as part of a larger power network. A large natural-steam plant was opened at The Geysers in Northern California in 1960 but its output later slowed because of overdrilling. Other geothermal power plants were built beginning in the late 1950 s in various countries including Mexico Japan New Zealand and the former Soviet Union. Large-scale exploitation of geyser fields hot springs and fumaroles to produce electricity presents two main problems. One is the threat of weakening the geothermal field through overuse. Geysers are fragile and complex and many have already been destroyed through drilling or other human interference. The second problem involves the necessity to shield equipment against damage from mineral deposits. This damage can be lessened by filtering the steam or by employing binary systems using natural hot water to turn low-boiling-point fluids such as isobutane into steam. Social and Health Aspects Hot springs have been prized by many societies for their actual and presumed health benefits. Hotsprings bathing is relaxing the heat and buoyancy also ease the pain and immobility of arthritis and other joint and muscle ailments. Drinking water from hot springs may act as a purgative or offer other benefits because of its dissolved minerals. For example Tunbridge Wells in Kent was considered a miracle spring in eighteenth and nineteenth century England one reason was that its high iron content cured anemia. Bottled water from various hot springs is sold commercially. Hot springs have been nuclei for resorts and spas since ancient times. Among the best known in North America are Warm Springs Georgia made famous by the patronage of President Franklin D. Roosevelt Hot Springs Arkansas and White Sulphur Springs West Virginia. The spectacular geyser fields of Yellowstone National Park .