tailieunhanh - International consensus recommendations on the aesthetic usage of botulinum toxin type A (Speywood Unit) – part II: wrinkles on the middle and lower face, neck and chest

Recently, Russell (2003) performed a similar study, also by using artworks to test Bartlett s concept of effort after meaning (Bartlett, 1932). In accordance with Bartlett s pre- diction, in a within-subjects design, Russell (2003) found an increase in the meaningfulness and hedonic value from first to second ratings when the paintings were presented with descriptions in the second phase (description plus title and the artist s name). In Russell s study, images of abstract and semiabstract art were presented. A comparison between abstract and representational art was not made. Two dependent variables, meaningfulness and pleasingness, were studied. Influences of other aspects like art interest, and art knowl- edge were not considered | DOI JEADV ORIGINAL ARTICLE International consensus recommendations on the aesthetic usage of botulinum toxin type A Speywood Unit - part II wrinkles on the middle and lower face neck and chest BAcohÔK t Q To o -ii fx R PGr r ihaf r I lôYGôl p loÁn Tt K ldnhôit íí R D7C1 n Ascher S Talarico D Cassuto S Escobar D Hexsel P Jaen GD Iviunhtit B Rzany M Viel-- tClinique de Chirurgie Esthetique Iena Paris France Universidade Federal de San Paulo San Paulo Brazil University of Catania Milan Italy -Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Pontificia Univeridade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil ttRamon y Cajal Public Hospital Madrid Spain Total Skin and Beauty Dermatology Center Birmingham AL USA ssdEBM Klinik fur Dermatologie Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin Germany --London Centre for Aesthetic Surgery London UK Correspondence B Ascher. E-mail benjaminascher@ Abstract Background Azzalure Galderma SA a newly approved European botulinum neurotoxin type A BoNT-A is derived from Dysport Ipsen Ltd. which has a 20-year history of product consistency and has been widely used for various aesthetic and therapeutic applications. Azzalure and Dysport are collectively referred to as BoNT-A Speywood Unit after the unit of their activity and are distinct from other commercial BoNT-A preparations. Consensus has been developed for the treatment of upper facial wrinkles with BoNT-A Speywood Unit . Objective To provide consensus recommendations on the treatment with BoNT-A Speywood Unit for wrinkles on the middle and lower face neck and chest region. Methods The members of the International Board on Botulinum toxin Azzalure IBBA convened to develop consensus based on their extensive experience. Results The recommended final concentration of BoNT-A Speywood Unit is 200 Speywood Units ml after reconstitution. The consensus recommendations were provided for nine indications including lower eyelid wrinkles bunny lines .